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Optical techniques for measurements of the converse effect

In the converse piezoelectric effect one usually applies voltage V or electric field E on the sample and measures displacement AZ or strain A///. From relation Al = 0Z33 V for the longitudinal effect, we see that even for materials with exceptionally high piezoelectric coefficient (do3 = 2000pm/V in pzn-pt) the displacement Al is only around 2 nm if 1 V is applied on the sample. For the same voltage the displacement is reduced to 0.2 nm in a typical pzt composition and to only tn 2 pm in quartz. The displacement can be increased by application [Pg.252]

13 Piezoelectric Relaxation and Nonlinearity investigated by Optical Interferometry [Pg.254]

Temperature dependent piezoelectric measurements are difficult to carry out using interferometric optical techniques, although recently some progress has been made in this direction [13]. [Pg.254]


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Converse effects

Conversion technique

Conversion, effects

Effect measure

Measure of effect

Measurement of conversion

Measures of conversion

Measuring conversion

Optical effects

Optical measurement techniques

Optical measurements

Optical techniques

Technique of measurement

Techniques for measurement

The Effect of Conversion

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