Optical properties of glass

Zyss, J. in Proceedings of the Conference on Optical Properties of Glass and Optical Materials, Part 2 Righini, G. C., Ed. Florence, Italy, April 6-8, 1982. 

Bismuth also improves the optical property of glasses the addition of major amounts of bismuth oxide imparts higher specific gravity or greater refractive indices. Bismuth phosphate is used for the manufacture of flint glass. 

The refractive index remains the most measured optical property of glasses, as well as the most basic optical property for determination of the appropriate glass for many applications. The refractive index of any material is defined as the ratio of the velocity of light in a vacuum divided by the velocity of light in a medium. This ratio can be measured by application of Snell s law, which states that the refractive index, n, is given by the expression ... 

OTHER OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF GLASSES 6.1 Photosensitive and Photochromic Glasses... 

Many applications of glasses are based on the combination of a wide range of optical properties, with ease of fabrication in simple and complex shapes. The optical properties of glasses influence their applications from the mundane desire for transparent containers for... 

I. Fanderlik, in Optical Properties of Glass, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1983, Chapters 1-7. 

E. J. Friebele, in Optical Properties of Glass, Ed. D. R. Uhlmann and N. J. Kreidl, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 1991, Chapter 7. 

Refraction depends on the refractive index and on dispersion. Reflection, which occurs at the surface, can be internal. Because the optical properties of glass are so important much of Chapter 32 is devoted to this topic. 

The effect of external fields on the optical properties of glasses is usually much smaller than in crystals in an intuitive way this is understandable because of the much larger effective masses (smaller mobilities) in glasses. 

Canioni L., Martin M. 0., Bousquet B., and Sarger L., Precise measurements and analysis of linear and nonlinear optical properties of glass materials near 1.5pm, Opt Commun., 151, 246 (1998). 

Thermal, Mechanical, and Optical Properties. The unusual and in some cases unique thermal, mechanical, and optical properties of glass-ceramics have contributed much to their commercial success. Almost all of these properties relate to the characteristics of the crystalline phases, and to their microstructural arrangement. 

In this chapter, we describe different transparent oxyfluoride systems doped with lanthanide ions. We examine the conditions that can lead to a perfectly controlled crystallization process and also the conditions that insure an efficient segregation of the rare-earth ions inside crystallites. Finally, we discuss the optical properties of glass-ceramics, in terms of absorption, emission and lifetimes. We establish a comparison between their optical properties and those of glasses and single-crystals. 

In addition, the segregation of Ln into the fluoride crystallites induces a strong local Ln " " concentration inside the crystallites, which also affects the optical properties of glass-ceramics as it is discussed hereafter. 

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