Ongoing operations

Testing, certification, and installation rules for reheving devices are extensive. Eveiy chemical engineer responsible for the design or operation of process units should become veiy familiar with these rules. The pressure-relief-device paragraphs are the only parts of Sec. TII, Division I, that are concerned with the installation and ongoing operation of the facility all other rules apply only to the design and manufacture of the vessel. 

Chapter Five—Ongoing Operations Audits and Follow-up... 

The following sections provide guidance and some examples for addressing these ongoing activities. The flowchart on the next page shows a typical sequence of ongoing operations and audits. 

Depending upon the specifics of the toll, the primary control activity performed by the client during ongoing operations will be auditing the toller. This assures operations are going as planned and... 

Figure 5-1. Ongoing operations audits and follow-up flowchart...

This assessment can be used to collect data about tollers during selection or for auditing an ongoing toll. It is discussed in Chapter 5, Ongoing Operations Audits and Follow-up. As with all examples, this should be modified to address the user s specific needs ... 

Support ongoing operations, troubleshoot, resolve emergencies, implement shutdowns... 

Hazards identification and risk assessment studies can be performed at any stage during the initial design or ongoing operation of a process. If the study is performed with the initial design, it should be done as soon as possible. This enables modifications to be easily incorporated into the final design. 

The process design of a batch reactor may involve determining the time (t) required to achieve a specified fractional conversion (/A, for limiting reactant A, say) in a single batch, or the volume (V) of reacting system required to achieve a specified rate of production on a continual basis. The phrase continual basis means an ongoing operation,... 

Floating vessels for offshore operations offer reduced installation costs but also present additional vulnerability factors. All floating structures must ensure buoyancy integrity is maintained otherwise the vessel may sink with catastrophic results. Similarly propulsion are provided at some installations to provided position stability. All major vessels are required by insurance requirements and most marine regulations to maintain buoyancy systems and loss of position stability will impact ongoing operations. Both of these systems can therefore be considered critical support systems and must be evaluated for risk and loss control measures either thorough duplication and protection measures or a combination of both. 

Interruption of ongoing operations is minimized because the bulk of the work... 

Fine-grained soils or permeability contrasts limit effectiveness Requires ongoing operation and maintenance... 

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