On-Line and In-Vivo Potentiometric Measurements

FIGURE 5-16 Coated-wire ion-selective electrode. (Reproduced with permission from reference 41.) 

In addition to automated analysis, ISEs can be used to detect ionic species in chromatographic effluents. Particularly powerful is the coupling of modem ion 

FIGURE 5-18 Flow-through potentiometric cell-cap design. A, reference electrode B, iodide electrode C, flow-through cap D, inlet E, outlet. (Reproduced with permission from reference 49.) 

Miniaturized catlieter-type ISE sensors, such as the implantable probe shown m Figiu e 5-20 represent the preferred approach for routme clmical in-vivo monitormg of blood elech olytes. For these mfravascular measurements the reference electrode is placed outside tire artery (m tire external aim of tire catlieter), tluis obviat-mg biocompatability and drift problems associated with its direct contact with the blood. 

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