Oligo applications

Lin, S. L., Inoue, Y., and Inoue S., Evaluation of high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed electrochemical and fluorometric detection for extensive application to the analysis of homologous series of oligo-and polysialic acids in bioactive molecules, Glycobiology, 9, 807, 1999. 

Cyanine dyes also are used as labels for oligonucleotide probes. Unlike the hydrophilic cyanine dyes valuable for protein labeling, the use of dye-phosphoramidite compounds to synthesize DNA or RNA probes typically requires the use of more hydrophobic dye structures to make them compatible with the solvents and reactions of oligonucleotide synthesis. Thus, indol cyanines containing few or no sulfonates are used in these applications to label oligos for applications such as array detection, hybridization assays, and RT-PCR. 

Recently, we described the application of a silicon microfluidic reactor to the assembly of oligo-0-peptides (Llogel et al. 2006). The microreactor not only allowed for quick scanning of reaction conditions, but also the procurement of synthetically useful amounts of peptides (Curran 2001 Curran and Luo 1999 Zhang 2004). 

Concatenation of Polarization Transfer Steps into Homonuclear Chemical Shift Correlated Experiments. Application to Oligo- and Polysaccharides... 

These experiments provide identification of the through-bond spin coupling network as well as through-space proximity between spins. Examples of the application of these techniques have demonstrated the efficiency of these techniques in establishing the assignment, sequence and linkage site information for oligo- and poly-saccharides [59-60, 62-65], and for saponins [29]. 

For the synthesis of highly defined polysaccharides, glucosylsaccharides are the only option available. Specialized oligo- and polysaccharides for food and medical applications can be synthesized, and also hybrid structures with non-natural macromolecules or surfaces. 

However, two other applications of mass spectrometry to carbohydrate chemistry seem the most important and promising. These are the identification of partially methylated monosaccharides, and structural analysis of di- and oligo-saccharides (and penetration of this new technique into polysaccharide chemistry). 

Anon (n.d.b) Dionex application note number 67 The determinadon of plant-derived neutral oligo- and polysaccharides. Available as a downloadable file from the Dionex website(http //www.Dionex.com). Anon (n.d.c) Dionex application note number 54 The determination of sulfite in food and beverages by ion exclusion chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. Available as a downloadable file from the Dionex website (http //www.Dionex.com). 

The electric conductivity was also measured for complexes of taper-shaped mesogens with oligo(ethylene oxide) central groups. The DC conductivity is in a range of 10 9 to 10 6 S cm-1 and shows a step-like increase at the crystal-columnar phase transition [86]. It was also shown that taper-shaped molecules adjacent to different endo-receptors such as crown ethers or oligo(ethylene oxide) chains were miscible with a poly(methacrylate) matrix and formed isomorphic phases [87]. Applications as columnar reaction media for polymerizations were foreseen. Comprehensive summaries of Percec s taper-shaped molecules can be found in the literature [88, 89]. 

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