Oil formation in the worlds oceans

Marcel Dekker, Inc. 270 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 

Dispersed hydrocarbons in solid minerals and silts in the seas are similar to petroleum hydrocarbons. They are called dispersed petroleum or micro-petroleum. 

Mountain minerals are hydrofill, meaning that they are moistened with water instead of petroleum. Thus, in addition to mountain pressure, capillary forces enhance the displacement of petroleum in the solid minerals. 

Traps associated with salt intrusions are of many types (example Fig. 1.2 -1.3) limestone reefs (Fig. 1.4) can also serve as reservoir rocks and give rise to overlying traps of anticlinal form as a result of different compaction. Examples are also known in which the reservoir rock extends to the surface of the earth but oil and gas are sealed in it by clogging of the pores by bitumen or by natural cements [3], Many reservoirs can display more than one of the factors that contribute to the entrapment of hydrocarbons. 

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