Of fulvic acid

These humic acids are not dissolved because the pH of this slurry is in the range of 4 to 9. Small amounts of fulvic acids are formed, and these are soluble in the water of the slurry. The coal-derived humic acids find applications as drilling fluid dispersants and viscosity control agents, whereas the coal-derived fulvic acids may be used to produce plasticizers and petrochemicals. 

S. B. Pandeya, A. K. Singh, and P. Dhar, Influence of fulvic acid on transport of iron in soils and uptake by paddy seedlings. Plant Soil I98 17 (1998). 

No deaths when molar ratio of fulvic acid 17... 

Gamble, D. S. and Schnitzer, M. (1973). The chemistry of fulvic acid and its reactions with metal ions. In Trace Metals and Metal-Organic Interactions in Natural Waters, ed. Singer, P. C., Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, pp. 265-302. 

Gamble, D. S., Underdown, A. W. and Langford, C. H. (1982). Copper(II) titration of fulvic acid ligand sites with theoretical, potentiometric and spectro-photometric analysis, Anal. Chem., 52, 1901-1908. 

Slaveykova, V., Wilkinson, K. J., Ceresa, A. and Pretsch, E. (2003). Role of fulvic acid on lead bioaccumulation to Chlorella kessleri, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 1114-1121. 

Rnauer, K. and Buffle, J. (2001). Adsorption of fulvic acid on algal surfaces and its effect on carbon uptake, J. Phycol., 37, 47-51. 

Figure 1. Trends in three experimentally observed parameters during a titration of fulvic acid with Cu(II) ion. Key , relative amount of bound Cu ion (Xc of left ordinate) A, absorbance of the solution at 465 nm (right ordinate) and O, relative quenching of the fulvic acid fluorescence (Q of left ordinate).

Schnitzer and Hansen (59) have studied the sequestering properties of fulvic acid at low pH and observed the following order ... 

Using the aforementioned methodology, the electrode reaction of Mo(VI) has been studied in the presence of phenanthrohne and an excess of fulvic acids [105]. Both ligands exhibit a synergetic effect toward adsorption of the mixed complex of... 

Photolytic. In aqueous solutions, atrazine is converted exclusively to hydroxyatrazine by UV light = 253.7 nm) (Khan and Schnitzer, 1978 Pape and Zabik, 1970) and natural sunlight (Pape and Zabik, 1972). Irradiation of atrazine in methanol, ethanol, and / -butanol afforded Atratone [2-methoxy-4-(ethylamino)-6-isopropylamino-5-triazine], 2-ethoxy-5-triazine analog, and a 2 n butoxy-s-triazine analog, respectively (Pape and Zabik, 1970). Atrazine did not photodegrade when irradiated in methanol, ethanol, or in water at wavelengths >300 nm (Pape and Zabik, 1970). Hydroxyatrazine, two de-A-alkyls and the de-A/A/ -dialkyl analogs of atrazine were produced in the presence of fulvic acid (0.01%). 

The solubility of fuel oil no. 2, particularly the alkane and isoprenoid fractions, in seawater is increased by the presence of fulvic acid, although the solubilities of phenanthrene or anthracene, both polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are unaffected by the presence of humic materials (Boehm and Quinn 1973). Unfiltered Narragansett Bay water was able to dissolve 1,560 g/L of fuel oil no. 2, although removal of... 

In another study, maximum adsorption of fulvic acid from a podzol B horizon by goethite was found to lie at ca. 0.6 0.3 and 0.05 mg m at pH 4 7 and 10, respectively and this was successfully described with the CD-MUSIC model (Films et al.,... 

A similar dehydration affording 2//-pyrans is the case of fulvic acid, a yellow acidic metabolite that is transformed to anhydrofulvic acid,292 as shown in Eq. (12). 

Standard DDIW Water (wby 5 mg of Carbon/L of Fulvic Acid (ppb)... 

Structure 1. One of several average structural models of fulvic acid from the Suwannee River, Georgia. 

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