OCTYL ISOTHIAZOLINONE

A-Octyl-isothiazolinone (OIT Figure 27) has been widely available in many applications for more than 25 years and more recently is being used in the plastic... 

The double chlorinated octyl isothiazolinone (dichloro-n-octyl-isothiazolinone) (Figure 44) has much lower solubility in water (2 mg/1), compared to the non-chlorinated OIT. This makes it more suitable for exterior usage, especially as it is also effective against... 

Antimicrobials like OBPA, trichlorohydroxy diphenyl ether (Triclosan), as well as n-octyl-isothiazolinone, 4,5-di-chloro-isothiazolinone, mercaptopyridine-n-oxide (pyrithione), and butyl-benzisothiazolinone are frequently used to reduce odours. 

N-octyl-isothiazolinone (Skane M-8) has been used mainly as a mildewcide in latex paints and sometimes also in oil-base paints. It is stabilized by the addition of either zinc oxide or formaldehyde in slightly alkaline formulation. Skane M-8 is supplied as 50% concentrate in propylene glycol which contains about 45% active ingredients and 5% impurities for use as a paint mildewcide. n-Octyl-isothiazoline is also marketed as Kathon 4200 and Kathon LM, and is supplied as 25% and 5% concentrates for use as a mildewcide for fabrics. The same active ingredient is also marketed as Kathon 893 and recommended as an industrial mul-... 

Allergic contact dermatitis caused by n-octyl-iso-thiazolinone has been reported in paint-factory workers who had been exposed to the chemical as dye mixers (Thormann 1982 Mathias et al. 1983). It is chemically related to i,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one. One of the seven Swedish construction painters who were patch-test positive to i,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one also reacted to n-octyl-isothiazolinone (Fischer et al. 1995). Cross-allergy between n-octyl-isothiazolinone and chloromethyl-isothiazolinone has not been demonstrated (Emmett et al. 1989). 

Because the objective of this work was to assess the benefits of encapsulation, it was decided to opt for one structural class of biocide. The biocides selected for this purpose were based on the isothiazolinone structure. 2 Examples include 2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (OIT), 4,5-dichloro-2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (DCOIT), 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CIT) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT) (Figure 1). 

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