Ocean Carbon-Cycle Model

Mackay D, Yeun ATK (1983) Mass transfer coefficients correlations for volatilisation of organic solutes from water. Environ Sci Technol 17 211-233 Maier-Reimer E, Kriest I, Segschneider J, Wetzel P (2005) The UAMburg Ocean Carbon Cycle Model HAMOCC5.1 - Technical Description Release 1.1 -. MPI Reports on Earth System Science No. 14 1-57... 

Aumont O, Belviso S, Monfray P (2002) Dimethylsulfonio-propionate (DMSP) and dimethylsulfide (DMS) sea surface distributions simulated from a global three-dimensional ocean carbon cycle model. J Geophys Res-Oceans 107 Article no. 3029... 

Iglesias-Rodriguez D. M., Brown C. W., Doney S. C., Kleypas J. A., Kolber D., Kolber Z., Hayes P. K., and Ealkowski G. P. (2002) Representing key phytoplankton functional groups in ocean carbon cycle models coccolithophorids. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 16 (in press). 

Stephens B. B., Keeling R. F., Heimann M., Six K. D., Mumane R., and Caldeira K. (1998) Testing global ocean carbon cycle models using measurements of atmospheric O2 and CO2 concentration. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 12, 213-230. 

Orr, J. C. (1999). Keynote perspective On ocean carbon-cycle model comparison. Tellus, 5IB, 509-510. 

Orr, ]. C. (1997). Ocean carbon-cycle model intercompari.son project (OCMIP), in Phase 1 1993-1997. Tech. Rep. 7, IGBP/GAIM. 

Authigenic Deposits. Carbon Cycle. Cenozoic Climate - Oxygen Isotope Evidence. Cenozoic Oceans - Carbon Cycle Models. Cosmogenic Isotopes. Mid-Ocean Ridge Geochemistry and Petrology. Rare Earth Elements and their Isotopes in the Ocean. River Inputs. Stable Carbon Isotope Variations in the Ocean. Uranium-Thorium Series Isotopes in Ocean Profiles. 

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Cycle. Cenozoic Climate -Oxygen Isotope Evidence. Cenozoic Oceans -Carbon Cycle Models. Ocean Carbon System, Modeling of. Pore Water Chemistry. 

Figure 3 Results from a simple three-box ocean carbon cycle model, (a) The physical circulation and modeled radiocarbon (A C) values, (b) The model biogeochemical fields, ocean DIG, and phosphate PO4) and atmospheric pCOa. From Toggweiler JR and Sarmiento JL, Glacial to inter-glacial changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide The critical role of ocean surface waters in high latitudes, The Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric CO2. Natural Variations Archean to Present, Sundquist ET and Broecker WS (eds.), pp. 163-184, 1985, Copyright [1985]. American Geophysical Union. Adapted by permission of American Geophysical Union.

Models can be quite alluring in the sense that they provide concrete answers to questions that are often difficult or nearly impossible to address from sparsely sampled field data. However, one should not forget that numerical models are simply a set of tools for doing science. They are no better than the foundations upon which they are built and should not be carried out in isolation from observations of the real ocean. For ocean carbon cycle models, the two key... 

Matsumoto K, Sarmiento JL, Key RM, et al. (2004) Evaluation of ocean carbon cycle models with data-based metrics. Geophysical Research Letters 31 L07303 (doi 10.1029/2003GL018970). 

Ocean Carbon-Cycle Model Intercomparison Project (OCMIP), Institut Pierre Simon Laplace. 

In conclusion, in the past 4 years the studies into exchanges of carbon between air and water in Chinese marginal seas have made some progress, especially on exchanges of CO2. Various ocean carbon cycle models from different points of view have been proposed and have been applied when studying the carbon cycles between air and water. 

---