Oc-glucosidase

Scheme 33) was highly effective.357 Nonpolar Aralkyl substituents containing alkyl-silyl or arylsilyl moieties in such 1-deoxynojirimycin derivatives as 183 were shown to increase the inhibitory activities on human intestinal oc-glucosidases, with short-and medium-length chains containing a double bond (184) giving best results.358... 

In contrast to the inactive parent compound 2, inhibition of glycoprotein-processing oc-glucosidases was also found by Butters and coworkers for 1-deoxynojirimycin derivatives having phenylalkyl substituents of medium chain lengths (C4—C6) at the ring nitrogen atom.359... 

Acarbose is a nonabsorbable OC-glucosidase inhibitor which blocks the digestion of starch, sucrose, and maltose. The digestion of complex carbohydrates is delayed and occurs throughout the small intestine rather than in the upper part of the jejunum. Absorption of glucose and other monosaccharides is not affected. Acarbose is administered orally three times a day and chewed with the first mouthful of food. 

Figure 1. pH-dependence of the half-life for loss of activity in native and glutaraldehyde-modified j9-D-glucosidase upon preincubation at the indicated pH values and at a range of temperatures from 55o to 70 oC, with subsequent assay at pH 5.0, 45 oC. A,B Linear-ordinate and logarithmic-ordinate plots, respectively, for the glutaraldehyde-modified enzyme. 

The diazirino-mannose derivative 80 has been synthesized from the corresponding mannonolactone oxime (i, MsCl ii, NH3. MeOH iii, I2, EtjO). The use of this and other diazirino-sugars in die synthesis of O- and C-glycosides is covered in Chapter 3. oc-D-Glucopyranosyl-phenyldiazomethane 81 has been synthesized as a mechanism-based a-glucosidase inhibitor. ... 

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