Obese gene adipose tissue

Among these potential genes, leptin and leptin receptor gene mutations have attracted attention for the prediction of obesity [78]. Adipose tissue has been described as a fat and energy depot... 

It has been suggested that brown adipose tissue may also function to convert excess dietary fat into heat and thereby to resist obesity.k m Mice lacking the gene for the mitochondrial uncoupling protein are cold-sensitive but not obese. However, other proteins, homologous to UCP1, have been discovered. They may partially compensate for the loss.m,h... 

Much attention has been focused on the 146-residue cytokine Ieptin, a hormone produced by adipose tissue.141-144 Leptin, which is sometimes described as the antiobesity hormone, was recognized by mutations of the obese gene (OB) or of the OB receptor in... 

Villarroya F, Giralt M, and Iglesias R (1999) Retinoids and adipose tissues metabolism, cell differentiation and gene expression. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders 23,1-6. 

Leptin is a protein, encoded by the ob gene, first identified in obese mice. The ob gene is apparently expressed exclusively in white adipose tissue. Leptin binds to a receptor in the hypothalamus. 

Genetic Factors in Human Obesity Genetic Factors in Mouse Obesity Obese Gene and Leptin Summary of the t hysiotogy of Adipose Tissue gulation Diabetes Gene and the Lcpiin Receptor... 

MacEiougald, O. A., Hwang, C.-S., Fan, H., and Lane, M- D. (1995). Regulated expression of the obese gene product (leptin) in white adipose tissue and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. PriTc. Natl- Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92,9034-9037-... 

Of the various factors suggested to play a part in impaired adipocyte function in insuhn resistance and NIDDM, increased TNF-a expression and production have attracted interest. TNF-a is produced and secreted from adipose tissue in obesity and thus acts in an autocrine fashion to alter adipocyte function during obesity-hnked insuhn resistance [385-387]. Long-term exposure (>6h) to TNF-a has been shown to stimulate hpolysis in adipocytes [368, 388], despite inducing reduced HSL expression [389, 390]. An early study showed a down-regulation of HSL gene expression upon TNF-a treatment of 3T3-L1 cells, as measured by Northern blot analysis and enzyme activity measurements [391]. A similar effect, although much more moderate, was seen more recenfly at the protein level [264]. In a study wifh primary rat adipocytes, however, no alteration of the levels of HSL protein occurred upon treatment wifh TNF-a [392]. 

A.-M. Levebvre, et al.. Depot-specific differences in adipose tissue gene expression in lean and obese subjects. Diabetes, 1998, 47, 98-103. 

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