Nursing assessments electrolyte imbalance

As part of the preadministration assessment for a patient receiving a drug for nausea and vomiting, the nurse documents the number of times the patient has vomited and the approximate amount of fluid lost. Before starting therapy, the nurse takes vital signs and assesses for signs of fluid and electrolyte imbalances (see Chap. 58). 

Before administering any electrolyte, electrolyte salt, or a combined electrolyte solution, the nurse assesses the patient for signs of an electrolyte imbalance (see Display 58-2). All recent laboratory and diagnostic tests appropriate to the imbalance are reviewed. The nurse obtains vital signs to provide a database... 

The nurse weighs patients receiving a cardiotonic drug daily or as ordered The intake and output are measured, esi ecially if tlie patient has edema or HF or is also receiving a diuretic. Throughout theraj y, the nurse assesses tlie patient for iDeripheral edema and auscultates die lun for rales/crackles throughout therapy. Serum electrolyte levels should be obtained periodically. Hyix)kalemia, hyiiomagnesemia, or hypercalcemia may increase die risk for toxicity. Any electrolyte imbalance is reported to die primary care provider. 

Determine nursing assessments that are consistent with electrolyte imbalances. 

A number of laboratory tests and assessments may be performed to determine the presence of fluid and electrolyte and acid-base imbalances. The nurse should look at all data, including laboratory values and physical assessment, and evaluate them in the context of the patient s history and chronic diseases, if present. Several key points should be noted from this diagnostics chapter ... 

As indicated under bum injury, the symptoms manifested by the pregnant patient with fluid, electrolyte, or add-base imbalances may be mulficausal. The nurse must take a thorough history, noting onset and duration of symptoms. The physical assessment is also key. Treatment of the complications associated with pregnancy could result in additional complications if the patient and treatments are not monitored closely. 6... 

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