Nucleotide pool perturbations

Regulation by variation of the adenine nucleotide pool or the NAD/ NADH ratio appears to be of particular physiologic import, since the adenylate nucleotides represent the principal storage form of chemical energy, while the pyridine nucleotides are the major source of reducing potential in the cell. With the two pools linked via electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation, any perturbation which affects either of the pools may have wide-ranging consequences on diverse reactions... 

The frequency of misincorporation is not only characteristic of a polymerase but is also subject to a number of faaors associated with reaction conditions. Most important is the nature of the nucleotide mismatches. The sequence context of the template-primer and other factors, such as symmetry of the mispair, rate of synthesis, and balance status of nucleotide (dNTP) pool, play a significant but secondary role. On the other hand, the mutagenic effect of Mn, when it replaces Mg, is primarily attributed to the perturbation in the mode of dNTP binding at the polymerase active site (7). 

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