Nuclear transformation The change of one

Nuclear atom an atom having a dense center of positive charge (the nucleus) with electrons moving around the outside. (2.5) Nuclear transformation the change of one element into another. (21.3)... 

In 1919 Lord Rutherford observed the first nuclear transformation, the change of one element into another. He found that bombarding with a particles produced the nuclide... 

Nuclear transformation the change of one element into another. 

Nuclear transformation the change of one element into another. (20.3)... 

One of these principles is the immutability of atomic species, which enables us to consider chemical transformations as rearrangements of atoms, the basic building blocks of matter. Most readers know that atomic species are really not immutable. In fact, nuclear physics deals largely with changes of one atomic species into another. Nevertheless, immutability is a very good and convenient approximation in the low-energy environment of our everyday experience, and we do not hesitate to make use of it in the science that applies to that realm. 

Transmutation is the act of changing a substance, tangible or intangible, from one form or state into another. To the alchemists of old, this meant the conversion of one physical substance into another, particularly base metals such as lead into valuable silver and gold. To the modern scientists, this means the transformation of one element into another by one or a series of nuclear decays or reactions. 

But chemistry is not only about matter that is just sitting there. Just as importantly, if not more so, chemistry is also the science of changes, or transformations, of matter. At a nuclear level—a scale smaller than an atom itself—these changes maybe the transmutation of one element into another element At the level of whole atoms and molecules, these changes involve the processes of breaking chemical bonds and forming new bonds with the result that one set of chemical substances—or mixtm-es of substances—are transformed into a new set of substances that may have properties that differ completely from those of the original materials. 

From previous science courses, you will recall that nuclear reactions involve changes in the nuclei of atoms. Often nuclear reactions result in the transformation of one or more elements into one or more different elements. 

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