Nuclear-specific stains

The specificity of TTF-1 for pulmonary lesions was confirmed by Chang and colleagues. TTF-1 demonstrates cytoplasmic immunostaining of hepatocellular carcinomas in 71% of cases, but no nuclear immuno-staining.2 0... 

FIGURE 21.12 (A-D) A strong nuclear and cytoplasmic staining of pi 6 in smears prepared from residual material in the vial from Pap tests. (E) Non-specific staining in metaplastic cells. 

When analyzing an immunostained specimen, deposits of the colored chromogen indicate the presence of the antigen and represent specific positive staining. The pattern of staining in the cells can be cytoplasmic, nuclear, membranous, or surface focal or diffuse. This section addresses some of the most common problems encountered in immunoperoxidase procedures and the appropriate solutions to correct them (see Chapters 23-25). (See Note 4 for additional troubleshooting resources.)... 

Van Gelder We haven t co-stained yet with melanopsin. It appears that in the vast majority of ganglion cells cryptochrome is predominantly nuclear, but we haven t done a double label specifically in those cells. That is a really good idea. 

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