Nuclear magnetic shielding scales

C. J. Jameson, A. K. Jameson, D. Oppusunggu, S. Wille, P. M. Burell, and J. Mason,/. Chem. Phys., 74, 81 (1981). N Nuclear Magnetic Shielding Scale from Gas Phase Studies. 

Puzzarini, C., Cazzoli, G., Harding, M. E., Vazquez, J., and Gauss, J. (2009). A new experimental absolute nuclear magnetic shielding scale for oxygen based on the rotational hyperfine structure of H2 0. J. Chem. Phys., 131, 234304. 

Hindermann, D. K. and Cornwell, C. D. (1968). Vibrational corrections to the nuclear-magnetic shielding and spin-rotation constants for hydrogen fluoride shielding scale for F. J. Chem. Phys., 48, 4148-4154. 

Vaara, J., Pyykko> P. (2003). Relativistic, nearly basis-set-limit nuclear magnetic shielding constants of the rare gases He-Rn A way to absolute nuclear magnetic resonance shielding scales. Journal of Chemical Physics, 118, 2973. 

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy gives precise information on complexation in solution. Equilibrium is rapidly established on an NMR time scale, hence only an average spectrum is observed and it is difficult to determine the spectrum of a pure complex. When complexation of a sugar or polyol with a diamagnetic ion occurs, all of the signals shift downfield. Equation (11.1) allows the variation of the shielding constant Ao- of the proton to be calculated when the nucleus is subjected to an electric field E whose projection on the C-H bond is... 

The aim of this section is to provide an overview about the development and application of solid state NMR spectroscopic techniques for the study of molecular structures and dynamics on the molecular and intermolecular length scale (lA-lOA). In particular, anisotropic magnetic nuclear spin interactions like chemical shielding anisotropy (CSA), magnetic dipolar interaction and quadrupolar interaction are used as probes for interatomic distances and orientations of molecular groups, i.e. structures, and changes of these interactions are monitored and used as a measure of dynamic processes inside the system. 

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