Spin echo-nuclear magnetic resonance

McCall, D. W., Douglass, D. C., and Anderson, E. W. (1963). Self-diffusion study by means of nuclear magnetic resonance spin-echo technique. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 67, 336-340. 

R. A. Assink, "A quadrupolar coil for nuclear magnetic resonance spin-echo diffusion measurements as a function of pressure," J. Magn. Resonance 22, 165-168 (1976). 

While the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique has widely been used to study diffusion processes of normal liquids, solids, or colloidal systems, there are only a few applications to molten salts. The spin echo self-diffusion method with pulsed field gradients was applied to molten salts by Herdlicka et al. "" There is no need to set up or maintain a concentration gradient. 

J. D. Seymour, B. Manz, P. T. Callaghan 1999, (Pulsed gradient spin echo nuclear magnetic resonance measurements of... 

The presence of four kinds of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) observable nuclei ( H, uB, 13C, and 29Si) allows poly(m-carborane-siloxane) to be readily investigated using NMR spectroscopy. In addition, H spin-echo NMR relaxation techniques can provide an insight into polymer segmental chain dynamics and therefore useful information on material viscoelastic characteristics. 

We describe in some detail the techniques of nuclear magnetic resonance which are used for studying alumina-supported platinum catalysts. In particular, we describe the spin-echo technique from which the Pt lineshape can be obtained. We also discuss spin echo double resonance between surface Pt and chemisorbed molecules and show how the NMR resonance of the surface Pt can be separately studied. We present examples of experimental data and discuss their interpretation. 

The reduction of obtainable light-pulse durations down to subpicosecond pulses (halfwidth about 10 sec) allows fast transient phenomena which were not accessible before to be studied in the interaction of light with matter. One example is the extension of spin echoe-techniques, well known in nuclear-magnetic-resonance spectroscopy, to the photon echoes in the optical region. 

For the pressure studies, two phase" compact ion behavior is observed with an inflection point between 7 and 11 atms. For the aqueous solution studies, the hydraulic permeability K and the g-ratio are hardly effected by solute type (within experimental error). The solute diffusive permeability however, varies with solute type in good qualitative agreement with free energy parameters, infrared overtone shifts, and spin echo and continuous wave nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy results from the literature. 

In a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiment the magnetic moments of the nuclei are manipulated by suitably chosen radio frequency fields, resulting in a so-called spin-echo signal. The amplitude of this signal is proportional to the number of nuclei excited by the radio frequency field. NMR is a magnetic resonance technique, where the resonance condition for the nuclei is given by ... 

Abstract We use Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry (i.e. the frequency variation of the NMR relaxation rates) of quadrupolar nucleus ( Na) and H Pulsed Gradient Spin Echo NMR to determine the mobility of the counterions and the water molecules within aqueous dispersions of clays. The local ordering of isotropic dilute clay dispersions is investigated by NMR relaxometry. In contrast, the NMR spectra of the quadrupolar nucleus and the anisotropy of the water self-diffusion tensor clearly exhibit the occurrence of nematic ordering in dense aqueous dispersions. Multi-scale numerical models exploiting molecular orbital quantum calculations, Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations, Molecular and Brownian Dynamics are used to interpret the measured water mobility and the ionic quadrupolar relaxation measurements. 

Brindle, KM., Brown, F.F., Campbell, I.D., Gratwohl, C., Kuchel, P.W. (1979). Application of spin-echo nuclear magnetic resonance to whole cell systems. Biochem. J. 180,37-44. 

CEMS = conversion electron Mossbauer spectroscopy DFT = density functional theory EFG = electric field gradient EPR = electron paramagnetic resonance ESEEM = electron spin echo envelope modulation spectroscopy GTO = Gaussian-type orbitals hTH = human tyrosine hydroxylase MIMOS = miniaturized mossbauer spectrometer NFS = nuclear forward scattering NMR = nuclear magnetic resonance RFQ = rapid freeze quench SAM = S -adenosyl-L-methionine SCC = self-consistent charge STOs = slater-type orbitals TMP = tetramesitylporphyrin XAS = X-ray absorption spectroscopy. 

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy, Electron Spin Echo Envelope Modulation (ESEEM) Spectroscopy Electron-Nuclear Double Resonance (ENDOR) Spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy of Inorganic/Organometallic Molecules. 

In a paper that appeared in 1979, R.P.J. Merks and R. DeBeer pointed out that the sinusoidal dependence of the stimulated echo ESEEM experiment on x and T (equation 8), presented the opportunity to collect ESEEM data in both time dimensions and then apply a two-dimensional EFT to derive two important benefits. The first benefit was that suppression-free spectra should be obtained along the zero-frequency axis for each dimension while the second benefit would be the appearance of cross-peaks at (tUo, cofs) and (tw, co ) that would allow one to identify peaks that belonged to the same hyperfine interaction. This ESEEM version of the NMR COSY experiment (see Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy of Metallobiomolecules) would prove invaluable for ESEEM analysis of complex spin systems. However, the disparity in spin relaxation times in the x and T time dimensions precluded the general application of this method. 

An a priori prediction for cocrystal formation has been reported that is based on intermolecular pair interactions that have been characterized using pulsed gradient spin-echo nuclear magnetic resonance, and tested against the conventional ionization constant guideline for 25 molecular pairs [17]. This approach was shown to work well even in different... 

Callaghan, P. T., Coy, A., Halpin, T. P. J., MacGowan, D., Packer, K. J., and Zelaya, F. O. (1992). Diffusion in porous systems and the influence of pore morphology in pulsed gradient spin-echo nuclear magnetic resonance studies. J. Chem. Phys. 97, 651-662. 

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