Nozzles and spargers

Nozzles enable the kinetic energy of a liquid propulsion jet to be utilized for different purposes. In the first instance one can distinguish between one- and two-component nozzles. Single fluid nozzles are generally used as atomizer nozzles, in which the kinetic energy of the liquid propulsion jet is utilized for dispersion of its own. There are, however, also pneumatic atomizer nozzles, which belong to two-component nozzles [571]. 

In a few cases the energy-rich propulsion jet of a sinfle fluid nozzle is also utilized for homogenization of liquid mixtures in storage tanks (see Homogenization in Storage Tanks, Section 3.7). 

If the kinetic energy of the propulsion jet (gas, steam, liquid) is utilized according to the Bernoulli principle for generating suction, the nozzles are referred to as ejectors or ejector nozzles. These are not dealt with here. 

on the other hand, the energy of the liquid propulsion jet is utilized in a mixing chamber, which is connected to the diffuser, for sparging the gas throughput into fine gas bubbles, the nozzles are referred to as injectors. These are utilized 

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