North American woods, chemical

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), 21 570 North American woods, chemical composition of, 26 336-337t North Dakota (L) coal... 

Table 1. Chemical Composition of Some North American Woods ...

In contrast to the relatively limited number of organosulfur compounds in these species, the anal sac secretions of skunks contain large numbers of malodorous compounds, which are very effectively utilized in the defensive behavior of these species. During the early years of capillary gas chromatography, Andersen et al. [108] found that 150 of the 160 components detected in the anal gland secretion of the striped skunk, Mephitis mephitis, contained sulfur. The results of recent chemical studies on North American skunks by Wood et al. [109] are summarized in Table 4. Only three of the compounds reported in this table are common to the secretions of all four skunk species and, in two of these three secretions, the common compound is present in concentrations of about 1% or less. Although it is clear that skunks use their anal gland secretions primarily for defensive purposes, it does not rule out the possibility that the difference in the composition of these secretions could also be utilized for... 

The relationship of modern wine styles to aging wines in wooden barrels is described. The physical and chemical characteristics of different woods lead to the conclusion that white oak is best for wine cooperage. European cooperage oak samples had 161% of the extractable solids of North American samples and 154% of the phenol per unit of extractable solids, but American oak contributed more oak flavor to wine per unit of extract. Data are presented on the density and extractable phenol content of summer and spring oak wood, the characteristics of rapidly vs. slowly grown oak, the surface per unit volume effects of container size and shape, the variability among trees in flavor and extract content, the analysis of wood extract in wine, and the depth of penetration of wine into staves. 

Chemical Composition of Six Norths American Species of Wood... 

Chang, Y. P., and Mitchell, R. L. (1955). Chemical composition of common North American pulp wood barks. Tappi 38, 315-320. 

Harmonization of pharmacopeial standards as a practical matter began at the International Congresses of Pharmacy between 1865 and 1910 [2], but the first formal attempt can be traced to 1902. Both USP President Horatio C. Wood, M.D., and Frederick M. Power, Ph.D., an American chemist of the Wellcome Chemical Research Laboratories of London, were appointed by the U.S. Secretary of State as delegates to represent the United States government at the International Conference for the Unification of the Formulae for Heroic Medicines, a conference of 19 countries from Europe and North America [3]. The second conference occurred in 1918. The 3rd in 1925 was attended by 31 countries from all continents except Asia and Australia. They drafted a new International Convention, which came in force in 1929. It revised the 1902 agreements on 77 heroic medicines and introduced the concept of maximum dose. It also requested that the League of Nations create a permanent secretariat of pharmacopeias [4]. Andrew G. DuMez, Ph.D., represented the USP, and was officially appointed by the U.S. Public Health Service to represent the United States at this conference [4,5]. An expert committee of the League of Nations planned a third conference for 1938, but it was never convened because of World War II [2]. 

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