Normal form literature references

Molar absorptivity when measured at X x is cited as e ax It is normally expressed without units Both X x and Cmax are affected by the solvent which is therefore included when reporting UV VIS spectroscopic data Thus you might find a literature reference expressed m the form... 

When a data value is repeated multiple times in a column in a database, it is said to violate third normal form. For example, a table of values for logp might contain a column named ref having literature references. The value Hansch, et. al. (1995) might be repeated many times. It is easy to spot this, and easy to correct it as well. The following SQL can be used to help put a table of logp values and references into third normal form. 

In electrochemical literature, however, mobilities of ions are not usually expressed in the absolute form defined in Eq. (4.149). Instead, they are more normally recorded as the drift velocities in unit electric field (1 V cm ) and will be referred to here as conventional (electrochemical) mobilities with the symbol... 

The foregoing discussion makes it clear that the vertical energy difference -I p) forms an electronic energy coordinate axis with a characteristic reference point, "(Ox/Red), which is experimentally accessible. This means that the probability functions can be used directly in models for electrochemical electron transfer between a solid and a simple redox system (see Sections 4.8 and 4.9). In the literature, the electronic energy coordinate axis has been denoted as E, and the characteristic points as /z°(Ox/Red) (or Fp), and and E denoted the energies corresponding to the maximum Wox E) and IERed( ) values, respectively. For quantitative purposes (see Sections 4.8 and 4.9), the probability functions are expressed as normalized Gauss functions ... 

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