Norbomenes hydration

Hydantoin, condensation with -hy-droxybenzaldehyde, 43,49 Hydration of norbomene by formic add, 43, 79... 

Hydrates of RUCI3, IrCl3, and OSCI3 are suitable catalysts for the ROMP of norbomene in aqueous and alcoholic solvents. Ruthenium trichloride hydrate is used for the industrial production of poly(norbornene). These hydrates act for the ROMP of norbomene and norbomene derivatives in pure water through an emulsion process (18). 

Water as a co-catalyst was early reported in the ROMP of (strained) cycloolefins, with the catalysts being the hydrates of RuClj, OsClj, and CrClj in refluxing ethanol [Eq. (1)] [8], Redox equilibria to generate Ru(II) active catalysts seem to be engaged but the mode of metal carbene formation finally remains unclear. These catalysts, however, initiate the aqueous-phase polymerization of substituted norbomenes in the presence of anionic emulsifiers and suitable reducing agents [9], even though the overall yield of polymers is still low. 

Water-soluble bis(allyl)ruthenium hydrate catalysts (1 and 2) initiate emulsion polymerization of norbomene, yielding surprisingly specific cis polymers (85-90% cis) [10]. 

For the later transition metals rRhQfPEt ) .] catalysed addition of aniline to norbomene is very slow (25 TO in 12 days). Fragments, derived from BuONO, are added to alkenes leading to oximes and nitrosyis by iron or cobalt catalysts and these are alternative routes for nitrogen inclusion. A short summary of ruthmium catalysed incorporation of R2NCO2 into alkynes covers the latest developments in this area, while alkyne hydration by [RhCl4(H20)2] is proposed to involve a cis-hydroxide addition. ... 

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