Noninfectious toxins

If an inflammatory response to infection affects brain neuromotor white matter to produce lesions responsible for cerebral palsy, what do inflammatory responses to noninfectious toxins produce elsewhere in the prenatal brain The effects of... 

Noninfectious causes of acute diarrhea include drugs and toxins (Table 18-3), laxative abuse, food intolerance, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease, ischemic bowel disease, lactase deficiency, Whipple s disease, pernicious anemia, diabetes mellitus, malabsorption, fecal impaction, diverticulosis, and celiac sprue. 

The toxins described in this review constitute the most efficient T cell stimulators known. Because of the ubiquitous production of SEs by S. aureus, it has been proposed that these toxins play a role not only in classical staphylococcal toxemia but also in noninfectious diseases. A current working hypothesis is that the human immune system is constantly being challenged by these powerful toxins. Despite the shared characteristic of facilitating TCR and MHC II ligation, SEs and TSST-1 display a remarkable degree of variation in structure and function. The effect of SE variability on the host as well as its advantages for the bacteria remains an open question. 

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