Nonequilibrium casting effects

It is to be emphasized that the simple Pekar factor [40] (the dielectric prefactor in Equation (3.88) appears only when the image effects are absent (e.g., as in the case of a point charge at the center of a spherical cavity) or suppressed. In this limiting case, D may be taken as the solute vacuum field. On the other hand, both Equation (3.88) and (3.89) manifest the same assumption of additivity, whereby the nonequilibrium inertial free energy reflected in As is cast as the difference between two equilibrium solvation free energies (Gs) i.e., the optical (sx term) and the total (e0 term) solvation free energies... 

Solution casting of BCP films usually leads to quenching of nonequilibrium morphologies that depend on film thickness, solvent evaporation, and substrate type. In addition to temperature annealing, solvents and solvent vapors were employed as effective tools to enhance equilibration of BCP morphology... 

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