Noncontact atomic force microscopy nc-AFM

Molecular-scale imaging in FFM [46, 81], PFM-AFM [82], noncontact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) [83-88] and anisotropy in friction and molecular stick-shp motion [89] have been discussed. Other important issues in CFM are chiral discrimination [90-92] and calibration of AFM cantilever spring constants [67,93, 94] and tip radii [39, 95]. 

NC-AFM noncontact mode in atomic force microscopy PA polyamide... 

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