Noncarboxylic acids

During aging of PHVB in sterile water at pH 7 and 60 °C, 2-butenoic acid (crotonic acid), 2-pentenoic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, 3-hydroxyvaleric acid, 3-hydroxybutyrate dimer, 3-hydroxybutyrate-3-hydroxyvalerate dimer and 3-hydroxyvalerate dimer were formed [99]. The weight loss was, however, only 2% after 200 days at 60 °C. Monomers, oligomers and derivatives, produced by dehydration at the OH-terminus were identified after alkaline hydrolysis of PHB [110]. In accordance CZE showed that the accelerated hydrolysis of PHB leads to the formation of hydroxyacid oligomers and a series of peaks formed by a side reaction leading to a C=C bond at the noncarboxylic acid end [111]. Kinetics of the abiotic hydrolysis of PHB in acid and alkaline media were monitored by following the forma-... 

Cold-water frsh like salmon are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which have a double bond three carbons in from the noncarboxyl end of the chain and have been shown to lower blood cholesterol levels. Draw the structure of 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid, a common example. (Eicosane = C20H42)... 

In cotton-cotton lamination, the use of carboxylic elastomer latexes is reported" to double the bond strength and improve the solvent resistance over that normally found with conventional noncarboxyl latexes. A typical copolymer latex was based on isoprene (54-64), acrylonitrile (35-45), and methacrylic acid (1-3). A Dow Chemical Company patent" claims the use of a film-forming carboxylic copolymer latex, an epichlorohydrin-polyamide adduct, with a calcium carbonate filler as an improved adhesive for bonding scrim to the back of tufted carpeting. 

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