Nitroglycerin ointment

Nitroglycerin sublingual Dizziness, headache, palpitation, vertigo, weakness. Nitroglycerin ointment, transdermal, IV, ER capsules, and isosorbide dinitrate Headache. 

Nitroglycerin ointment applied to the skin acts within 15 minutes and may produce its effects for 2 to 6 hours. Sustained-release transdermal nitroglycerin has been shown to deliver an antianginal effect for 2 to 4 hours following small doses and up to 24 hours after larger doses. 

Transdermal administration can avoid first-pass metabolism as well as provide a large surface area for continuous-controlled administration of drugs with short biological half-lives and narrow therapeutical indices. The route has been used for nitroglycerin ointments, and transdermal therapeutical systems (patches) have been developed for scopolamine, nitroglycerin, clonidine, estradiol, and nicotine. 

Hansen, M.S. Woods, S.L. Willis, R.E. Relative effectiveness of nitroglycerin ointment according to site of application. Heart Lung 1979, 8, 716-720. 

Brisinda G, Maria G, Bentivoglio AR, Cassetta E, Gui D, Albanese A. A comparison of injections of botulinum toxin and topical nitroglycerin ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure. N Engl J Med 1999 341(2) 65-9. 

Hyman NH, Cataldo PA. Nitroglycerin ointment for anal fissures effective treatment or just a headache Dis Colon Rectum 1999 42(3) 383-5. 

Hendricks AA, Dec GW Jr. Contact dermatitis due to nitroglycerin ointment. Arch Dermatol 1979 115(7) 853-5. 

Reichek, N., R. E. Goldstein, and D. R. Redwood. 1974. Sustained effects of nitroglycerin ointment in patients with angina pectoris. Circulation 50 348-352. 

Nitroglycerin may be applied topically (2% ointment). Its hemodynamic and benehcial effects appear as early as 15 minntes after application and last np to 4 hours. Nitroglycerin ointment may be especially nsefnl for the... 

Recently, we found that EPR effect is further enhanced by applying nitroglycerin ointment onto the skin of superficial tumors including breast cancer induced by chemical carcinogen, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in rats, and also transplanted mice tumors (Seki and Maeda, in preparation). The increase of Evans blue/albumin delivered into the solid tumors was 2- to 3-fold of that without nitroglycerin [68]. 

Nitroglycerin ointment applied frequently over large body areas in angina pectoris patients has caused allergic contact dermatitis (Hendricks and Dee 1979 Sausker and Frederick 1978). Sensitization developed even after previous peroral use of the drug. 

Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are the most widely used pharmacologic agents for the treatment of peripheral vasospasm (110-112). Sympatholytic agents have also been used in the treatment of Raynaud s phenomenon. Topical nitroglycerin ointment can be applied with a nocturnal nitrate-free interval to avoid nitrate tolerance. 

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