Nitrogen dinitrogen pentoxide

Dinitrogen pentoxide gas decomposes to form nitrogen dioxide and oxygen. The reaction is first-order and has a rate constant of 0.247 h1 at 25°C. If a 2.50-L flask originally contains N205 at a pressure of 756 mm Hg at 25°C, then how many moles of 02 are formed after 135 minutes (Hint. First write a balanced equation for the decomposition.)... 

Let s apply the preceding two paragraphs to an example problem. The first-order decomposition of gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide, N205, to nitrogen dioxide, NO2, and oxygen, 02, has a rate constant of 4.9 X 10 4 s 2 at a certain temperature. Calculate the half-life of this reaction. 

Dinitrogen pentoxide, N2O5, decomposes to form nitrogen dioxide and oxygen. 

The polymers 1, 3 and 4 were 0-nitrated with nitric acid to give products containing nitrogen contents of 11.6 %, 19.9 % and 9.55 % respectively. Polymer 2, on the other hand, was nitrated with dinitrogen pentoxide in liquid carbon dioxide. Evaluations of these energetic polymers indicate that polymer 1 is a possible candidate for use in insensitive munitions. 

The A-nitration of the furazan-based heterocycle (29) has been reported. The corresponding tetranitramine (30) is an unstable substance, but obtained on treating (29) with either trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) in nitric acid or dinitrogen pentoxide in nitric acid. In this case the furazan rings stabilize the 1,4,5,8-tetraazadecalin structure and further reduce the basicity of the amidine amino groups. A number of other furazan and nitrogen-rich nitramines... 

Millar and co-workers studied the reaction of dinitrogen pentoxide in chlorinated solvents with a number of different A-substituted aziridines and found that reactions are highly dependent on the nature of the A-substituent on the aziridine nitrogen (Table 5.9). A-Alkylaziridines give good yields of 1,2-nitramine-nitrate product (Table 5.9, Entry 1). These... 

Graindorge and co-workers" reported the synthesis of 2,5,7,9-tetranitro-2,5,7,9-tetraaza-bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane-8-one (113) (K-56, TNABN) from the nitration of 2,5,7,9-tetraazabi-cyclo[4.3.0]nonane-8-one dihydrochloride (112) with dinitrogen pentoxide in absolute nitric acid, the latter obtained from the condensation of urea with l,4-diformyl-2,3-dihydroxy-piperazine (111) in hydrochloric acid. Treatment of (112) with nitronium tetrafluoroborate in nitromethane results in the nitration of the piperazine ring nitrogens only and the isolation of (114) in 86 % yield (Table 5.2). 

In the solid state, dinitrogen pentoxide is ionic, existing as N02+N03 and sometimes called nitronium nitrate. The same is true of dinitrogen pentoxide in polar solvents like nitric acid where complete ionization to nitronium and nitrate ions is observed. In the vapour phase, and in nonpolar solvents, a covalent structure is observed. This dichotomy of behavior in both physical state and in solution means that no single nitrating agent is as diverse and versatile as nitrogen pentoxide. 

Phosphorous pentoxide in absolute nitric acid is essentially a solution of dinitrogen pentoxide in nitric acid and has been used for some nitrolysis reactions.Nitrogen pentoxide concentrations up to 30 % can be prepared according to the amount of phosphorous pentoxide used. 

Nitrations with dinitrogen pentoxide in the presence of phosphorous pentoxide enable the complete utilization of available nitrogen. ... 

The nitrolysis of hexamine is a direct route to the military high explosives 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX) and l,3,5,7-tetranitro-13,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX). " The direct nitrolysis of hexamine with dinitrogen pentoxide in absolute ifitric acid provides RDX in 57 % yield. RDX prepared by this process is exceptionally pure, but other reagents, like ammonium nitrate-nitric acid-acetic anhydride, give much higher yields, partly because they use ammonium nitrate to supplement for ammonium nitrogen deficiency in the reaction. 

The reaction of aziridines and azetidine heterocycles with dinitrogen pentoxide in chlorinated solvents yields 1,2-nitramine nitrates and 1,3-nitramine nitrates respectively. In most cases yields are good to excellent, but, reactions are not as general as with the oxygen heterocycles the outcome of reactions is heavily dependent on the nature of the substituent on the exocyclic nitrogen. Some of the products from these reactions find use as melt-castable explosives i.e. Tris-X (46) and energetic plasticizers e.g. Bu-NENA (48) the latter is a component of some LOVA (low vulnerability ammunition) propellant formulations. 

C. C. Addison and N. Logan, in The Chemistry of Dinitrogen Pentoxide Developments in Inorganic Nitrogen Chemistry, Ed. C. B. Coburn, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Chapter 2 (1973). 

Five major compounds are built solely of nitrogen and oxygen, as shown in Table 2-1. Of the five oxides of nitrogen, nitrous oxide is richest in nitrogen, and dinitrogen pentoxide is richest in oxygen. 

Ini, C. C., and B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, Reactions of Dinitrogen Pentoxide and Nitrogen Dioxide with l-Palmitoyl-2-Oleoyl-s -Glycero-3-Phosphocholine, Lipids, 26, 306-314 (1991). 

One reaction that has been studied in detail is the thermal decomposition of gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide, N2Os, to give the brown gas nitrogen dioxide and molecular oxygen ... 

---