Fertilizers nitrogen-containing

The highest fixed nitrogen-containing fertilizer 46.7 wt %, urea is a white solid that is soluble in water and alcohol. It is usually sold in the form of crystals, prills, flakes, or granules. Urea is an active compound that reacts with many reagents. It forms adducts and clathrates with many... 

An intermediate reaction used in the production of nitrogen-containing fertilizers is that between ammonia and oxygen ... 

An enormous quantity of ammonium nitrate is produced annually primarily for use a fertilizer and also as an explosive. Ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, and urea are also used as nitrogen-containing fertilizers. They are produced by the reactions... 

Consider the analysis of soil from a farmer s field. The farmer wants to know whether he needs to apply a nitrogen-containing fertilizer to his field. It is conceivable that different parts of the field could provide different types of samples in terms of nitrogen content. Suppose there is a cattle feed lot nearby, perhaps uphill from part of the field and downhill from another part of the field such that runoff from the feed lot affects part of the field but not the other part. If the farmer wishes to have an analysis report for the field as a whole, then the sample taken should include combined portions from all parts of the field that may be different (a composite sample) so that it will truly represent the field as a whole. Alternatively, two selective samples could be taken, one from above the feed lot and one from below the feed lot, so that two analyses are performed and reported to the farmer. These would be referred to as selective samples. At any rate, one wants the results of the chemical analysis to be correct for the entire area for which the analysis is intended. 

Nitrogen containing fertilizers The basic substance in nitrogen fertilizers is ammonia. Nitrogen containing fertilizers are ammonia, urea, ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium phosphate. Nitrogen fertilizers are essential for increase in food production. 

The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers in agriculture has a strong influence on nitrification and on the ni-... 

Most of the nitric acid is utilized in the form of 50 to 70% acid for the manufacture of nitrogen-containing fertilizer, particularly ammonium nitrate. Ammonium nitrate is also used as an explosive e.g. in mining, due to its low explosion temperature (safety explosive). Other industrially important nitrates are sodium nitrate, a speciality fertilizer and oxidizing agent in the glass and enamel industries, and calcium and potassium nitrates, which are also used as fertilizers. Nitric acid is also utilized in the digestion of raw phosphate (Odda process, which is not operated in the USA, see Section 2.1.2.4) ... 

The consumption of mineral nitrogen-containing fertilizers is given in Tables 2.2-1 to 2.2-3. 

An important consequence of reaction [3.42] is that NzO plays a certain role in the chemistry of ozone formation. Although a small part of the nitric oxide formed in this way returns into the troposphere by slow diffusion (see later Fig. 15), the majority of NO molecules takes part in stratospheric chemistry as discussed in Subsection 3.4.3. This suggests that N20 arising from the use of nitrogen containing fertilizers may pose a threat to the stratospheric 03 layer. 

Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) is one of the most important nitrogen-containing fertilizers. Its purity can he analyzed by titrating a solution of NH4NO3 with a standard NaOH solution. In one experiment a 0.2041-g sample of industrially prepared NH4NO3 required 24.42 mL of 0.1023 M NaOH for neutralization. (a) Write a net ionic equation for the reaction, (h) What is the percent purity of the sample ... 

Nitric acid is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, dyes, drugs, and explosives. The Chemistry in Action essay on p. 849 describes a nitrogen-containing fertilizer that can be highly explosive. 

As mentioned in Chapter 3 (p. 108), ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) is the most important nitrogen-containing fertilizer in the world. Describe how you would prepare this compound, given only air and water as the starting materials. You may have any device at your disposal for this task. 

---