Nitro p-xylene

Nitro-m-xylene 2-Nitro-p-xylene 2-Nitro-p-cymene (4) Nitromesitylene... 

The following mononitro derivatives are known 4-nitro- and 3-nitro-o-xylene and 2-nitro-p-xylene ... 

Azoxylene Azodimetnyi benzene or Tetra-methylazobenzene (called Bis-[dimethyl-phenyll-diimid Tetramethylazobenzol or Azoxylol in Ger), (HjCVQH NtN-QHj — (CH,)2, mw 238.32, N 11.76%. Five isomers are listed in the literature 4,4 -azo-o-xylene or 3,4,3 4,-Tetramethyl-azobenzene (Ref 1) 4,4 -azo-m-xylene or 2,4,2 4 -tetramethyl-azobenzene (Ref 2) 4,5 azo-m-xylene or 2,4,3 5 -retrain ethyl - azobenzene (Ref 3) S -azo-m-xylene or 3,5,3, 5 -tetramethyl-azobenzene (Ref 3) and 2.2 -azo-p-xylene or 2,5,2,5 -tetramethyl-azobenzene (Ref 4). The azido or nitro-derivs of azoxylene may be of interest as expl ingredients... 

Nitro-l,2-benzenediamine (152) and chloroacetonitrile (153) gave 6-nitro-3,4-dihydro-2-quinoxalinamine (154), apparently without 7-nitro isomer (Et3N, p-xylene, reflux, 6 h 47%). ... 

Recently195, the hydrogen bond basicity scale (p.K hb as logarithm of the formation constant of 4-fluorophenol/base complexes in carbon tetrachloride, equilibrium 21) has been measured for several nitro derivatives (nitromethane, nitrobenzene, IV-nitrocamphorimine, 2-nitropropane, 4-nitro-o-xylene, 4-nitroanisole, lV,./V-diethyl-4-nitroaniline, l-dimethylamino-2-nitroethylene, l-piperidino-2-nitroethylene) ... 

Chemical/Physical. Under atmospheric conditions, the gas-phase reaction of o-xylene with OH radicals and nitrogen oxides resulted in the formation of o-tolualdehyde, o-methylbenzyl nitrate, nitro-o-xylenes, 2,3-and 3,4-dimethylphenol (Atkinson, 1990). Kanno et al. (1982) studied the aqueous reaction of o-xylene and other aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, w and p-xylene, and naphthalene) with hypochlorous acid in the presence of ammonium ion. They reported that the aromatic ring was not chlorinated as expected but was cleaved by chloramine forming cyanogen chloride. The amount of cyanogen chloride formed increased at lower pHs (Kanno et al., 1982). In the gas phase, o-xylene reacted with nitrate radicals in purified air forming the following products 5-nitro-2-methyltoluene and 6-nitro-2-methyltoluene, o-methylbenzaldehyde, and an aryl nitrate (Chiodini et ah, 1993). 

Given this behavior (little selectivity in distinguishing between different substrate molecules), the selectivity relationship would predict that positional selectivity should also be very small. However, it is not. For example, under conditions where nitration of p-xylene and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene takes place at about equal rates, there was no corresponding lack of selectivity at positions within the latter.83 Though steric effects are about the same at both positions, more than 10 times as much 5-nitro product was formed as 6-nitro product. 

Rate measurements for thermolysis of 4-azidothiazoles in p-xylene solution have found neighbouring-group effects from nitro (19-fold rate increase), phenylimmomethyl (16-fold), formyl (4.5-fold) and acetyl (2.2-fold) substituents in the 5-position.60 See also under Other Small Rings above.50... 

Thus, p- xylene yielded 2,5-dichloro-p-xylene. The principal reaction with anisole was also chlorination and with phenol nitration when nitration temperature was low (-80°C) both o- and p- nitrophenols were formed. At room temperature chlorination also occurred yielding 2,4-dichloro-6-nitrophenol and 3,6-dichloro-2-nitro-phenol. 

Benzene, 1,2-dimethyl-4-nitro- CCRIS 3118 EINECS 202-761-6 HSDB 6324 NSC 66555 4-Nitro-o-xylene p-Nitro-o-xylene para-Nitro-ortho-xylene o-Xylene, 4-nitro-. Crystals mp = 30.6" bp = 251", bp21 = 143" d = 1,H2 AmB216nm (e = 13183, EtOH), 211 nm(en 15135 CeHu) insoluble in H2O, freely soluble in EtOH. 

Xylene Acetic acid Dinitro stilbene m-nitro p-toluidine p-aminophenol p-nitrosophenol DMF n-butanol 2-methoxyethanol Triethanolamine... 

Draw the structure of each of the following compounds. If the name itself is incorrect, give a correct systematic alternative. (a) o-Chlorobenzaldehyde (b) 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzene (c) 4-nitro-o-xylene (d) m-isopropylbenzoic add (e) 4,5-dibro-moaniline (f) p-methoxy-m-nitroacetophenone. 

Cydopentane reagents used in synthesis are usually derived from cyclopentanone (R.A. Ellison, 1973). Classically they are made by base-catalyzed intramolecular aldol or ester condensations (see also p. 55). An important example is 2-methylcydopentane-l,3-dione. It is synthesized by intramolecular acylation of diethyl propionylsucdnate dianion followed by saponification and decarboxylation. This cyclization only worked with potassium t-butoxide in boiling xylene (R. Bucourt, 1965). Faster routes to this diketone start with succinic acid or its anhydride. A Friedel-Crafts acylation with 2-acetoxy-2-butene in nitrobenzene or with pro-pionyl chloride in nitromethane leads to acylated adducts, which are deacylated in aqueous acids (V.J. Grenda, 1967 L.E. Schick, 1969). A new promising route to substituted cyclopent-2-enones makes use of intermediate 5-nitro-l,3-diones (D. Seebach, 1977). 

A solution of trifluoroacetic acid in toluene was found to be advantageous for cydization of pyruvate hydrazoncs having nitro substituents[4]. p-Toluene-sulfonic acid or Amberlyst-15 in toluene has also been found to give excellent results in preparation of indole-2-carboxylale esters from pyruvate hydra-zoiies[5,6J. Acidic zeolite catalysts have been used with xylene as a solvent to convert phenylhydraziiies and ketones to indoles both in one-flask procedures and in a flow-through reactor[7]. 

C. MEDINA. The crude methylenedi(nitro-formamide) is pressed dry on the filter, stirred into lOSml of formic acid, and the paste allowed to stand overnight. The next day the soln is filtered thru an acid-proof flit, the formic acid and w removed by codistn with xylene, and the crude MEDINA, which seps as a sand, filtered and dried over paraffin and NaOH in a vacuum yield 80—100% based on methylene diform-amide, mp 98—103°. The crude MEDINA is recrystd from 2-nitropropane or et chloride iso-Pr ale 9 1, mp 104-059 (Ref 11, p 54). This prepn is also covered in Ref 20... 

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