Nitriles, detection reduction

An alternate, shorter route was also developed which involved reaction of the alcohol derived from 27 with 3-4 equivalents of hthium r-butyl acetate to afford an excellent 75-80% yield of hydroxyketone 31 without the need for pnor protection of the alcohol and with no detectable reaction with the nitrile (Scheme 7). Although these routes still involved a low-temperature reduction, both could be scaled to kilogram... 

An electron transfer-sensitive oln coordination alternative of substituted olefins to metal centers has been demonstrated [81] in the system [(NC)2C=C(CN)2W(CO)5]" (20) where the n complex with n = 0 (olefin coordination) changes reversibly to an ESR detectable a complex (nitrile coordination) after one-electron reduction ( = -1). Even in the absence of a detailed spin population analysis the low symmetry of the anionic complex is evident from at least three distinctly different N coupling constants in the ESR spectrum [81]. 

Aliphatic nitriles in aqueous solution were converted to the corresponding amines by electrolytic reduction with a Pd/Ni cathode. The amines were treated with reagent 11, separated on Lichosorb RP-8 with aqueous methanol, and determined using a fluorescence detector, with detection limits of 20 mg/L of aliphatic nitriles. The following procedure was used for screening rape products in search for nitriles rape seed meal was incubated with myrosinase in the presence of Fe(II) sulphate, lyophilized, extracted with chloroform, the extract hydrolysed with concentrated alkali and the liberated ammonia was titrated. ... 

Banthia and co-workers [43] determined sulfate, sulfonate and iso-thioronium salt end groups in PS by the dye-partition technique. Polymer polarity did not affect the results of end-group determination. Nitrile groups incorporated in PS by initiation or copolymerisation have been detected and estimated by dye-partition techniques after reduction to amino groups with lithium aluminium hydride in tetrahydrofuran [44]. 

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