Nitric oxide diagram

C02, and nitric oxide, NO. The horizontal axis of the diagram, called the reaction coordinate, shows the progress of the reaction. Proceeding... 

Lewis dot diagrams of nitric oxide compared to the nitrosonium ion and molecular nitrogen. Each bond contains one electron from each atom. These simple diagrams fail to properly account for the effective bond order of 2.5 predicted by molecular orbital theory and must be only considered as illustrative. The dimer of two nitric oxide molecules has five bonds, which is the same as two individual molecules. Thus, nitric oxide remains dissociated at room temperatures. 

Fig. 8.1 A schematic diagram illustrating the involvement of NF-k I in gpl20, ROS, NO, PG, IL-1/3 and TNF-a-mediated neurotoxicity. NMDA-R, N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor, cPLA2, cytosolic phospholipase A2 lyso-PtdCho, lysophosphatidylcholine AA, arachidonic acid cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate PKA, protein kinase A TNF-a, tumor necrosis factor-a TNF-a-R, TNF-a-receptor IL-1/8, interleukin-1 /3 IL-l/i-R, IL-1/8-receptor, IL-6, interleukin-6 MARK, mitogen-activated protein kinase NO, nitric oxide PG, prostaglandins EP-R, prostaglandin receptors NF-kB, nuclear factor-icB NF-kB-RE, nuclear factor-/cB-response element I/cB, inhibitory subunit of NF-icB HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gpl20, HIV-1 coat glycoprotein COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2 iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase SPLA2, secretory phospholipase A2 SOD, superoxide dismutase MMP, matrix metalloproteinase and VCAM-1, vascular adhesion molecule-1...

A highly simplified diagram of the intestinal wall and some of the circuitry of the enteric nervous system (ENS). The ENS receives input from both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic systems and sends afferent impulses to sympathetic ganglia and to the central nervous system. Many transmitter or neuromodulator substances have been identified in the ENS see Table 6-1. (LM, longitudinal muscle layer MP, myenteric plexus CM, circular muscle layer SMP, submucosal plexus ACh, acetylcholine NE, norepinephrine NO, nitric oxide NP, neuropeptides SP, substance P 5-HT, serotonin.)... 

Fig. 2.6. Postulated modes of action of nitric oxide. Schematic diagram of the effects of nitric oxide on platelets and smooth muscle cells and the hypothesized interactions with low-density lipoproteins (LDL).

The energy diagram for the reaction of nitrogen and oxygen to form nitric oxide. This is an endothermic process. 

The molecular orbital energy-level diagram for nitric oxide (NO). The bond order is 2.5, or (8 - 3)/2. 

Figure 12 A diagram of the nitrogen cycle with catalyzing enzymes and metal requirements of each step. NIT, nitrogenase AMO, ammonium mono-oxygenase HAO, hydroxylamine oxidoreductase NAR, membrane-bound respiratory nitrate reductase NAP, periplasmic respiratory nitrate reductase NR, assimila-tory nitrate reductase NIR, respiratory nitrite reductase NiR, assimilatory nitrite reductase NOR, nitric oxide reductase N2OR, nitrous oxide reductase.

Figure 7 Simplified schematic diagram of a continuously regenerating trap (CRT). The platinum catalyst oxidizes hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide, and also nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide, which is used to oxidize soot retained in the filter. In the illustration this is a ceramic-wall flow filter, which has alternate channels blocked at the front inlet and rear outlet faces.

Resonance forms for the sulfite ion have not been included. There has been discussion concerning whether the compound should be considered a sulfonated hyponitrite (16) or a nitrosated hydroxylamine sulfonate (9). The compound can be prepared by nitrosating a sulfonated hydroxylamine (9). There is little to be gained by this dispute, for the structure is best described as in the above diagrams or in molecular orbital terminology. The reaction of sulfite ion and nitric oxide is best considered as a Lewis acid-base reaction in which nitric oxide behaves as the acid and sulfite ion as the donor. A reaction sequence can be formulated with the following equations ... 

Oxygen Donors. The phase diagram of the binary system dimethyl ether-nitric oxide indicates (5) the formation of the very unstable addition compound. 

Prepare a molecular orbital energy level diagram for nitric oxide (NO) and predict the bond order of this molecule. On the basis of the molecular orbital diagram, what do you predict for the bond orders of NO+ and NO Which of these diatomic species would you expect to have the shortest bond length Why ... 

Molecular orbital theory then explains why NO is stable with respect to N and O atoms, and predicts that NO+ will form fairly easily. We have not explained why nitric oxide gas consists of NO molecules rather than N202 molecules, or why NO is unstable with respect to oxidation by oxygen to N02. To do this, we would have to consider orbital energy-level diagrams for N202 or N02 and 02 as well. 

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