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Nicotiana species

Matsuzaki, T., Shinozaki, Y., Suhara, S., Ninomiya, M., Shigematsu, H. and Koiwai, A. 1989. Isolation of glycoUpids from the surfrace lipids of Nicotiana bigelovii and their distribution in Nicotiana species. Agric. Biol. Chem. 53 3079-3082. [Pg.322]

Nicotiana species and certain lupine species also contain potent toxic and teratogenic piperidine alkaloids (Figure 2.4). All teratogenic piperidine alkaloids have specific structural characteristics that are responsible for induction of birth defects. Their molecular structures include a piperidine ring, with a side chain of at least three carbons or larger attached adjacent to... [Pg.25]

Panter, K.E., Gardner, D.R. and Molyneux, R.J. (1998b). Toxic and teratogenic piperidine alkaloids from Lupinus, Conium and Nicotiana species, in Garland, T. [Pg.69]

Tobacco use is primarily due to psychopharmacological effects of nicotine (Henningfleld et al. 2006). Nicotine is a tobacco alkaloid, a basic substance that contains a cychc nitrogenous nucleus. In Nicotiana plants, most alkaloids are 3-pyridyl derivatives In cured leaf of Maryland Robinson Medium Broadleaf, 24 pyridine derivatives were identified, including nicotine, nomicotine, anabasine, oxynicotine, myosmine, 3-acetylpyridine, 2,3 -dipyridyl, iticotinamide, anatabine, nicotinic acid, and unidentified pyridine alkaloids of derivatives thereof (Tso 1990). Nicotine is the principal alkaloid in commercial tobacco (this was confirmed in 34 out of 65 Nicotiana species) nomicotine, rather than nicotine, appears to be the main alkaloid in 19 out of 65 species and anabasine is the third most important. In addition to the above-mentioned principal and minor alkaloids, the presence of many trace amounts of new alkaloids or their derivatives were frequently reported, including, for example, 2.4 -dipyridyl, 4,4 -dipyridyl, N -formylanabasine, A -formylanatabine, N -acetylanatabine, N -hexanoyl-nomicotine, N -octanoyl-nomicotine, T-(6-hydroxyoctanoyl) nomicotine, and l -(7-hydroxyoctanoyl) nor-nicotine. [Pg.62]

Siminszky B, Gavilano LB, Chakrabarti M (2007) Evolution of nicotine N-demethylaze genes and their use in reducing nornicotine levels in tobacco. Recent Adv Tob Sci 33 27-38 Sisson VA, Severson RE (1990) Alkaloid composition of the Nicotiana species. Beitr Takforsch 14 327-340... [Pg.82]

Hobbs, M. C. and Yeoman, M. M. 1991. Effect of light on alkaloid accumulation in cell cultures of Nicotiana species. Journal of Experimental Botany, 42(244) 1371-1378. [Pg.279]

Saitoh, F., M. Noma, and N. Kawa-shima. The alkaloid contents of sixty Nicotiana species. Phytochemistry 1985 24(3) 477-480. [Pg.365]

Kodama, H., T. Fujimori, and K. Kato. Glucosides of ionone-related compounds in several Nicotiana species. Phytochemistry 1984 23(3) 583-585. Kodama, H., T. Fujimori, and K. Kato. A nor-sesquiterpene glycoside, rishitin-beta-sophoroside, from tobacco. Phytochemistry 1984 23(3) 690-692. [Pg.368]

Nicotine is an alkaloid derived from the leaves of the Nicotiana species. It originated in South America where it has been smoked by the native population for hundreds of years. It was introduced into Western Europe in the 16th century but shortly after its introduction into Great Britain it was condemned as a habit "injurious to the lung" by King James I. [Pg.398]

The production of toxins is only one aspect of plant defense strategy. As a result of the persistent battle of plants and herbivores, many optimized phenotypes have evolved, such as the preferential accumulation of alkaloids in tissues with a pattern that is consistent with predictions of optimal defense theory,65 i.e., the defense metabolites are allocated preferentially to tissues with a high probability of attack.66 The inducibility of pathways leading to plant secondary compounds as a strategy to minimize the costs of plant defense is a result of permanent optimization. One of a few examples of inducible alkaloid biosynthesis is the different Nicotiana species that exhibit dramatic wound-induced increases of nicotine, nomicotine, or anabasine.67... [Pg.208]

Friesen, J.B. and Leete, E. (1990) Nicotine synthase an enzyme from Nicotiana species which catalyses the formation of (S)-nicotine from nicotinic acid and 1-methyl-A -pyrrolinium chloride. Tetrahedron Lett., 31, 6295-8. [Pg.79]

Natural compounds Nicotine from nicotiana species Nigella sativa Thymoquinone Nigella sativa Linn, seed... [Pg.387]

Though most of the alkaloid in Nicotiana species tabacum, rustica)... [Pg.10]

The various Nicotiana species, particularly N. rustica, N. tabacum, N. sylvestris and N. glauca, contain different Nicotiana alkaloids in various proportions. The most important of these alkaloids are nicotine (1), nornicotine (2) and anabasine... [Pg.21]

The most important natural sources of minor tobacco alkaloids are from Nicotiana species, and at least eight minor tobacco alkaloids are shown in Figure 1. Since the chemical structures and physical properties of these minor tobacco alkaloids are similar to that of nicotine, some of them are shown to exhibit similar pharmacological activities as those of nicotine, although with a much lower potency. Table 2 shows their relative molar potency in some pharmacological systems. When nornicotine or anabasine was applied to the cat cervical ganglion, initial stimulation was followed by paralysis. On the autonomic ganglion and neuromuscular junction, nornicotine is only one-fifth to one-tenth as active as nicotine. Both nornicotine and anabasine have vaso-depressor action and affect the respiratory system. [Pg.249]

The terpenoid stress compound phytuberin has been found in leaves of Nicotiana species. It has been produced in response to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), tobacco necrosis virus (TNV) or the bacterium Pseudomanas lachrymans. Potato tubers inoculated29 with microorganisms accumulates the stress metabolite phytuberin, which is liquid antifugal sesquiterpene. It has been represented30 by the following structure ... [Pg.205]

Over sixty species of Nicotiana exist that produce nicotine alkaloids (nicotine, nornicotine, anatabine, anabasine). Nicotine is the predominant alkaloid in over 50% of the Nicotiana species. Nornicotine is the major alkaloid in about 30% to 40% of Nicotiana species. Anabasine and anatabine are not usually the principal alkaloids in Nicotiana (17B05). Tobaccos that accumulate and have high levels of alkaloids tend to also have accumulations of minor alkaloids, for example, cotinine, myosmine, nicotyrine, 2,3 -bipyridine, and numerous derivatives of the major alkaloids, for example, alkyl, acyl, and nitroso derivatives of nicotine and the other... [Pg.748]

Chmura, M.I. Characteristics of Nicotiana species Shorn. Rabot Khim. Tabak Bull. 125 (1935) 151-162. [Pg.1288]

Colledge, A., W.W. Reid, and R. Russell, The diterpenoids of Nicotiana species and their potential technological significance Chem. and Ind. (London) (1975) 570-571. Collins, RE., N.M. Sarji, W.W. Lawrence, and J.E. Williams An automated method for the determination of total aldehydes in gas phase of cigarette smoke Tob. Sci. 14 (1970) 182-186. [Pg.1290]

Hart, G.E. and C.R. Bhatia Acrylamide gel electrophoresis of soluble leaf proteins and enzymes from Nicotiana species Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 9 (1967) 367-374. [Pg.1442]

Composition of the leaf surface gum of some Nicotiana species mdNicotiana tabacum cultivars Phytochemistry 22(1983) 133-135. 4671. [Pg.1443]

Kodama, H., T. Fujimori, and K. Kato Glucosides of ionone-related compounds in several Nicotiana species Phytochemistry 23 (1984) 583-585. [Pg.1444]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.11 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.269 ]




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