Neuroprotective therapy

Saver XL, Kidwell C, Eckstein M, Starkman S. Prehospital neuroprotective therapy for acute stroke results of the field administration of stroke therapy-magnesium (fast-mag) pilot trial. Stroke 2004 35 el06-el08. 

Singh I. N., Sullivan R G., Deng Y., Mbye L. H., and Hall E. D. (2006). Time course of post-traumatic mitochondrial oxidative damage and dysfunction in a mouse model of focal traumatic brain injury implications for neuroprotective therapy. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 26 1407-1418. 

Neurotropic factors of dopaminergic neurons may represent a potential neuroprotective therapy for Parkinson s disease. Apart from nerve growth factor (NGF), the family of the neurotrophins subsumes at the present time BDNF, neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5). However, the concept of neurotrophic factors as specific, target-derived molecules, each acting on distinct neuronal types, has to be modified because of their high degree of pleiotropism and a... 

Grotta J (1995) Why do all drugs work in animals but none in stroke patients 2. Neuroprotective therapy. J Intern Med 237 89-94... 

Warach S (2001) New imaging strategies for patient selection for thrombolytic and neuroprotective therapies. Neurology 57 S48-S52... 

What is the evidence that hypothermia plus other potential neuroprotective therapies actually does improve outcome compared with individual neuroprotective agents Surprisingly, there are few preclinical and no human studies that have examined this issue. The main reason for this lack of study likely stems from the added complexity necessary for a combined treatment study, and the desire by most researchers to identify individual agents with neuroprotective properties first before proceeding to evaluate combination treatments. However, a handful of experimental treatment studies have been performed using hypothermia in conjunction with other neuroprotective agents, with surprisingly mixed results. 

Table 39.1. Disease specific and neuroprotective therapy in Alzheimer disease.

Yoles E, Schwartz M (1998b) Potential neuroprotective therapy for glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Surv Ophthalmol 42 367-372. 

Hauben E, Nevo U, Yoles E, Moalem G, Agranov E, Mor F, Akselrod S, Neeman M, Cohen IR, Schwartz M (2000a) Autoimmune T cells as potential neuroprotective therapy for spinal cord injury. Lancet 355 286-287. 

The common features of the local anaesthetic receptor site suggest that novel Na channel blocking drugs could be developed to fit this site that might have higher affinity and specificity than presently available compounds. Consistent with this idea, the novel compound Bill 890 CL, a complex ether of benzoyl and modified benzomorphan moieties, is a potent Na channel blocker binding at the local anaesthetic receptor site with a of 50 nM for the inactivated state (Carter et al 2000). It is aimed for neuroprotective therapy in the treatment of stroke and possibly neurodegenerative diseases. 

Generation of eicosanoids from enzymic metabolism of arachidonic acid initiates inflammatory reactions and the damaged tissue is infiltrated by leukocytes and microglia. The relatively slow pace of these processes, which occur in hours and days that follow an initial stroke, makes them an attractive target for neuroprotective therapy. 

Diener HC, Schneider D, Lampl Y, Bomstein NM, Kozak A, Rosenberg G (2008) DP-b99, a membrane-activated metal ion chelator, as neuroprotective therapy in ischemic stroke. Stroke 39 1774-1778... 

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