Neon, and

Buckingham R A 1938 The classical equation of state of gaseous helium, neon and argon Proc. R. Soc. A 168 264... 

Fig. 8. Permeation of helium, hydrogen, neon, and oxygen for Corning Code 7900 (60).

Pure Elements. AH of the hehum-group elements are colorless, odorless, and tasteless gases at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. Chemically, they are nearly inert. A few stable chemical compounds are formed by radon, xenon, and krypton, but none has been reported for neon and belium (see Helium GROUP, compounds). The hehum-group elements are monoatomic and are considered to have perfect spherical symmetry. Because of the theoretical interest generated by this atomic simplicity, the physical properties of ah. the hehum-group elements except radon have been weU studied. 

Natural-gas components include water vapor, carbon dioxide (qv), sometimes hydrogen sulfide, heavier hydrocarbons (qv), methane, nitrogen, small amounts of argon, traces of neon and hydrogen, and helium. The production of pure helium from natural gas requires three basic processing steps (73). 

Because of their very low boiling points, helium, neon, and hydrogen are noncondensable under the conditions at the top of the nitrogen column, and they concentrate in the nitrogen gas there. Because they cut down on the rate of condensation of nitrogen and thereby reduce the thermal efficiency of the process, they must be withdrawn. The noncondensable stream withdrawn may have a neon, helium, or hydrogen content that varies from 1 to 12%... 

Given that 1.00 mol of neon and 1.00 mol of hydrogen chloride gas are in separate containers at the same temperature and pressure, calculate eadi of the following ratios. 

The hydrogen atom orbitals give us the numbers 2, 8, 18, and 32—the numbers we find separating the specially stable electron populations of the inert gases. It was necessary to multiply n2 by two—an important factor that could not have been anticipated. Furthermore, it will be necessary to find an explanation for the occurrence of eight-electron differences both at neon and at argon and eighteen-electron differences both at krypton and at xenon. 

However, one aspect, having to do with triads of elements, is troubling in this otherwise elegant left-step periodic system. The use of the left-step table results in the loss of a triad involving helium, neon, and argon. 

By considering elements from rows 1, 2, and 3, such as helium, neon, and argon one obtains a perfect atomic number triad,... 

The drawing below shows a tiny section of a flask containing two gases. The orange spheres represent atoms of neon and the blue spheres represent atoms of argon, (a) If the partial pressure of neon in this mixture is 420. Torr, what is the partial pressure of argon (b) What is the total pressure ... 

A closed vessel of volume 2.5 L contains a mixture of neon and fluorine. The total pressure is 3.32 atm at 0.0°C. When the mixture is heated to 15°C, the entropy of the mixture increases by 0.345 J-K. What amount (in moles) of each substance (Ne and F2) is present in the mixture ... 

B In fluorine (Group 17), an additional electron fills the single vacancy in the valence shell the shell now has the noble-gas configuration of neon and is complete. In neon, an additional electron would have to enter a new shell, where it would be farther from the attraction of the nucleus. 

Ne is metastable neon produced by electron impact. Ne transfers its excitation to hydrogen molecules. The hydrogen molecules participating in these energy transfer collisions are produced in highly excited preionized states which ionize after a time lag sufficient to permit the initial neon and hydrogen collision partners to separate. The hydrogen ion is formed in the v = 5 or 6 quantum states and reacts with a second neon... 

The molal diamagnetic susceptibilities of rare gas atoms and a number of monatomic ions obtained by the use of equation (34) are given in Table IV. The values for the hydrogen-like atoms and ions are accurate, since here the screening constant is zero. It was found necessary to take into consideration in all cases except the neon (and helium) structure not only the outermost electron shell but also the next inner shell, whose contribution is for argon 5 per cent., for krypton 12 per cent., and for xenon 20 per cent, of the total. 

The available experimental data, because of their paucity and their inaccuracy, do not permit the extensive testing of these figures. The directly determined susceptibilities for helium, neon, and argon are in gratifying agreement with the theoretical ones (Table YI). From the mole refraction results we may expect ions in solution to have values of % near those for gaseous ions. KoenigsbergerJ has made determinations of % for seven alkali halides in aqueous solution, in... 

Frenking G, Cremer D (1990) The Chemistry of the Nobles Gas Elements Helium, Neon, and Argon - Experimental Facts and Theoretical Predictions. 73 17-96 Frey M (1998) Nickel-Iron Hydrogenases Structural and Functional Properties. 90 97-126 Fricke B (1975) Superheavy Elements. 21 89-144... 

Figure 2-19 shows the mass spectrum of the element neon. The three peaks in the mass spectrum come from three different isotopes of neon, and the peak heights are proportional to the natural abundances of these isotopes. The most abundant isotope of neon has a mass number of 20, with 10 protons and 10 neutrons in its nucleus, whereas its two minor isotopes have 11 and 12 neutrons. Example illustrates how to read and interpret a mass spectmm. 

Neon and xenon are gases at room temperature, but both become liquids if the temperature is low enough. Draw a molecular picture showing the relative sizes and polarizabilities of atoms of neon and xenon, and use the picture to determine which substance has the lower boiling point. 

The dispersion forces that act between atoms of the noble gases depend on the polarizabilities of their electron clouds. The total electron counts for these atoms are 10 for neon and 54 for xenon. When two atoms approach each other, the smaller electron cloud of neon distorts less than the larger electron cloud of xenon, as a molecular picture illustrates ... 

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