Negishi, Nobel prize

Organometallic chemistry has been a popular subject for the Nobel prize committee. In 1912 Grignard (Mg) won the award, in 1973 Wilkinson and Fischer for sandwich compounds (such as ferrocene), in 2005 Chauvin, Grubbs, and Schrock for alkene metathesis, and in 2010 Fleck, Negishi, and Suzuki (Stille had died in 1989) for transition-metal catalysed couplings. 

The cross-coupling reactions developed over the past 50 years have now been recognized by Nobel prizes to Heck, Suzuki, and Negishi. The relevance of these reactions in synthesis is obvious by the enormous number of publications dealing with the applications for the formation of sp carbon to sp carbon bond formation. Perhaps for this reason, only a few examples will be presented here, as the cycloheptanoid skeleton is basically made up of sp carbon atoms. Certainly, the inherent creativity of the synthetic organic chemist will change this situation very soon. 

Heck, R. F. NoUey, J. P., Jr. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 5518-5526. Richard Heck discovered the Heck reaction when he was Hercules Corp. Heck won Nobel Prize in 2010 along with Akira Suzuki and Ei-ichi Negishi for palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis . 

Robert F. Heck shared the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Ei-iohi Negishi and Akira Suzuki for development of palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions. 

Among these reactions, three were recognized with a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2010. The Nobel Prize was awarded on the basis of practical use in the industrial sector. Heck reactions were used for the synthesis of more than 100 kinds of natural products and physiologically active substances, Negishi reactions were used for the synthesis of pumiUotoxins A (PTXs) and hennoxazole A, and Suzuki-Miyaura reactions were used for the syuthesis of dynemicin A and dragmacidin F [ 100,101]. 

In 2010, Richard Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, and Akira Suzuki shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their work on C—C coupling reactions. 

Scheme 7.16. Some examples of the Suzuki reaction. The process permits creation of carbon-carbon bonds by coupling of alkyl, alkenyl, and aryl halides (I > Br Cl) with organoboron compounds. Akira Suzuki, Ei-ichi Negishi and Richard Heck shared the Chemistry Nobel Prize in 2010.

As a final comment, although restricted in its essence to palladium chemistry - but which is nonetheless at the heart of modern cross-coupling arylation reactions - we quote from Astruc [12i], in conclusion, the field of palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions for their work in which Heck, Negishi, and Suzuki were awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in chemistry is extremely rich and productive and will continue to grow with major synthetic applications and green implications in the future. ... 

The 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Richard F. Heck (University of Delaware), Ei-ichi Negishi (Purdue University), and Akira Suzuki (Hokkaido University) for their work on paiiadium-cataiyzed cross-coupiing reactions. Eariy and important contributions were made by John Stille (Colorado State University) before his untimely death in a 1989 plane crash. 

The Pd(0)-catalyzed Heck coupling of alkenes and aryl or alkenyl halides or triflates is one of the most versatile methods for the formation of C C bonds (Scheme 13.2). Notably, Richard F. Heck was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010, with the Japanese chemists Ei-ichi Negishi and Akira Suzuki for palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings in organic synthesis. Although the Heck reaction has been used in organic chemistry since 1968, the synthetic potential of this transformation has been proven after many years. ... 

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