Negative Active Material Anode Paste

Active carbon such as carbon black increases the electrical conductivity of the active material in the discharged state, which improves its charge acceptance. The carbon is usually in the form of carbon black and/or activated carbon. The amount of carbon in the negative active material of conventional expander formulations is only 

The electrolyte of a lead-acid battery is sulfuric acid, H2SO4. The theoretical amount of H2S04that would yield 1 Ah of electricity is 3.666 g. To calculate the real volume of electrolyte to be used, the following parameters should also be taken into account  

Efficient range of H2SO4 concentration changes during charge and discharge, etc. 

FIGURE 1.22 Relationship between capacity and specific gravity. 

The properties of sulfuric acid with different specific gravity are shown in Tables 1.8,1.9, and 1.10. 

---

The active material of the cathode (6) is pressed into the inner surface of a steel can (2). A separator (3) of unwoven plastic fabric and/or cellophane is inserted into the can, which contains the electrolyte and prevents internal shortings. A petal-shaped brass current collector is in the central part of the cell. The space between the separator and the current collector is filled with the anode paste (7), which consists of the alkaline solution gelled with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and zinc powder. An additional amount of pure electrolyte (9) is inside the current collector. To provide exchangeability with conventional cylindrical cells, the upper side of the cell has a bulge (1) that serves as the positive terminal. The bottom (13) serves as the negative terminal. To improve internal contact a pressure spring (12) is often used. The can is inserted into a metal jacket (4) with the insulator (5). 

---