Near-infrared spectroscopy tablet hardness

M. Blanco, M. Alcala, J.M. Gonzalez and E. Torras, A process analytical technology approach based on near infrared spectroscopy tablet hardness, content uniformity, and dissolution test measurements of intact tablets, J. Pharm. Sci, 95, 2137-2144 (2006). 

Chen LJ, Thosor SS, Forbess RA, Kemper MS, Rubinovitz RL, Shukla AJ. Prediction of drug content and hardness of intact tablets using artificial neural networks and near-infrared spectroscopy. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2001 27 623-31. 

J.D. Kirsch and J.K. Drennen, Nondestructive tablet hardness testing by near-infrared spectroscopy a new and robust spectral best-fit algorithm, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 19(3-4), 351-362 (1999). 

K.M. Morisseau and C.T. Rhodes, Near-infrared spectroscopy as a nondestructive alternative to conventional tablet hardness testing, Pharm. Res., 14(1), 108-111 (1997). 

M. Blanco, M. Alcala, Content uniformity and tablet hardness testing of intact pharmaceutical tablets by near infrared spectroscopy. A contribution to process analytical technologies. Anal. Chim. Acta, 557, 353-359 (2006). 

One quality control application of near-infrared spectroscopy is the nondestructive determination of tablet hardness. Near-infrared prediction... 

Y. Chen, S. S. Thosar, R. A. Forbess, M. S. Kemper, R. L. Rubinovitz, and A. J. Shukla, Prediction of Drug Content and Hardness of Intact Tablets Using Artificial Neural Network and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 27, 623 (2001). 

H. Tanabe, K. Otsuka, and M. Otsuka, Theoretical Analysis of Tablet Hardness Prediction Using Chemoinformetric Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, Anal. Set., 23,857 (2007). 

The optimal moisture content of the dried granulation needs to be determined. High moisture content can result in (1) tablet picking or sticking to tablet punch surfaces and (2) poor chemical stability as a result of hydrolysis. An overdried granulation could result in poor hardness and friability. Moisture content analysis can he performed using the conventional loss-on-drying techniques or such state-of-the-art techniques as near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. 

M. Donoso, D. O. Kildsig, and E. S. Ghaly, Prediction of Tablet Hardness and Porosity Using Near-Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy as a Nondestructive Method, Pharm. Dev. TechnoL, 8,357 (2003). 

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