Natural evolution mechanisms

Genetic algorithms (GA) [50] was originally invented by Holland [51] where the basic mechanisms of natural evolution are mimicked in order to perform optimization of very complex problems. There are several diffierent implementations and approaches to GA today and they of course do not need to follow real evolutionary prineiples as found in nature to be efficient. However, the following steps can be found in most GA methods ... 

To explain this in a little more detail, let us consider the evolution of the local host response, which is the third component of biocompatibility, using a model that involves inflammatory and repair processes (7). Whenever a material is implanted into the tissues of the body, there has to be a degree of trauma associated with the insertion process. This will inevitably establish an acute inflammatory response, which is the body s natural defence mechanism to any injury. The inflammation is totally desirable and helpful since it is the precursor to the second phase of the response, which is that of tissue repair. The response to a surgical incision is acute inflammation followed by repair, the consequences of which are a zone of fibrous (collagenous) scar tissue. If a biomaterial is placed within the tissue, this response will be modified by its presence, but the extent to which that modification occurs depends on many factors. 

Supramolecular bioinorganic chemistry is a natural evolution in biomimetic metallic systems as it constitutes a further degree of complexity in modeling. The traditional approach consisting in modeling the first coordination sphere of metallic sites proved to be very efficient, as valuable data could be extracted from these examples to gain insight in natural systems mechanisms. But they fail to reproduce several specific aspects of enzymes that can be... 

Genetic Algorithms are an artificial intelligence technique inspired on the evolution theory. This technique is based on artificial natural selection mechanisms and genetics, and represents the solutions as an optimization problem. Biology shows how adaptations to the environment are transmitted to offspring by means of individual... 

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