Naming Rules for Hydrocarbon Derivatives

ALKYL HALIDES Name functional group first, such as chlorine, which would become chloro, fluorine would become fluoro, and so on. Then name the hydrocarbon backbone one carbon would be methane, two carbons ethane, and so on. For exanple, chloro methane. Or name the hydrocarbon backbone first one carbon would become methyl, two carbons ethyl, and so on. Then name the functional group and add ide for an ending. For example, chlorine would become chloride, fluorine would become fluoride, and so on. An example is methyl chloride. 

NITROS The word nitro comes first, followed by the hydrocarbon radicals. For example, nitro methane. 

AMINES The hydrocarbon radicals come first in the name, followed by the word amine. When there is more than one radical, start with the smallest and go to the largest, and then end with the word amine. For example, vinyl amine, methyl vinyl amine, or methyl ethyl vinyl amine. 

ETHERS Start with the smallest hydrocarbon radical and name it, then the other hydrocarbon radical and name it, then end with the word ether. For example, methyl ethyl ether. 

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