N-Propyl levulinate

Kl=acetophenone,K2=n-propyl pyruvate (CPl3C0C02-n-Pr),K3=i-butyl levulinate (CH3COCH2CH2C02- -Bu),K4=f-BuCOCH3,K5=3-MeOPhCOCH3,K6=2-py-ridyl methyl ketone, K7=l-tetralone, K8=l-acetylnaphthalene,K9=2-acetylnaphthalene,K10=ethyl levulinate,Kll=2-octanone,K12=2-phenylcyclohexanone, K13=3-pyridyl methyl ketone, K14=Me2HSiOCH2COCH3,K15=Me2HSiOCH2COPh,K16=l-cyclohexenyl methyl ketone, K17=ethyl pyruvate, K18=2,2-dimethyl-acetylacetonate,K19=methyl levulinate, K20=3,3-dimethyl-pentane-2,4-dione, K21=2-nonanone,K22=PhCOCH2Cl. 

As to the structure of the catalytic species in the hydrosiiyiation of keto esters, an interesting difference between neutral and cationic rhodium complexes was disclosed. Use of a cationic complex, DIOP-Rh", in the hydrosiiyiation of n-propyl pyruvate caused a decrease in the optical yield (41% e.e.) compared with that obtained Ijy using the corresponding neutral complex, DIOP-Rh. This shows that the chlorine ligand of the neutral catalyst plays a significant role in the induction of asymmetry. However, such a difference in optical yield was not observed in the case of isobutyl levulinate DIOP-Rh , 85% e.e. DIOP-Rh", 84% e.e. To accommodate the results, two different modes for the ligand effect of the ester moiety in the key intermediate, 9 and 10, were proposed . ... 

Hexene Levulinic acid 2-Methylpentanal p-Pinene n-Propyl bromide n-Valeric acid intermediate, flexible film Vinylidene chloride monomer intermediate, flexible foams bedding MDI... 

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