N- perylene

Mizuguchi, J. (1997). Structural and optical properties of 5,15-diaza-6,16-dihydroxy-tetrabenzo[b,e,k,n]perylene. Dyes and Pigments, 35, 347-60. [264]... 

Absorption spectra of more than five-ring systems are compared in Table XII, where only the first and second (and third) bands are listed for simplicity. Pericondensation (195) to 2 shifts the absorption band more bathochromically than catacondensation (30) does. Cyclization of azonia-pentahelicene salt (180) to the corresponding azoniabenzo[g/n ]perylene salt (204) shifts the maximum absorption wavelength about 18 nm longer, similar to the annelation to form azoniahexahelicene salt (206). 

End member 2 Dominated mainly by a group of imsubstituted and substituted PAHs (<84%) with a minor contribution of ahphatic hydrocarbon molecular markers (<16%). Fluoranthene, pyrene, chrysene/triphenylene, benzo[e]pyrene,benzo[n]pyrene,indeno[l,2,3-cd]pyrene,andbenzo[g/n]-perylene were the most dominant imsubstituted PAHs in the second end member. 

The observed switching times with different materials vary greatly (tens of ps up to 1 second), which indicates considerable differences in the mechanisms. Large-angle field-proportional switching has been observed with phenanthrene-l,2,3,6,7,8-hexayl and -1,2,3,6,8-pentayl O-(l-methylalkyl)-glycolates and 0-alkyllactates, [21] with dibenzo[crf,/ i]perylene-l,3,8,10-tet-rayl and 2,9-dibutyl-dibenzo[cJ,/ n]perylene-l,3,8,10-tetrayl 0-alkyllactates [22] and with some mixtures [1], [6]. 

Pirotta M, Renn A, Werts M FI V and Wild U P 1996 Single molecule spectroscopy. Perylene in the Shpol skii matrix n-nonane Chem. Phys. Lett. 250 576-82... 

Perylenes. Perylene pigments are either the 3,4,9,10-tetracarboxyhc dianhydride or more often N,N -substituted diknides (Table 7). 

CuPC p-type)/perylene tetracarboxylic derivative (n-type)/Ag ... 

Opaque perylene pigment varieties are treated in ball mills, either in the presence or absence of milling auxiliaries. The pigments are typically heated to 80 to 150°C in solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone, isobutanol, diethylene glycol, N-methylpyrrolidone, possibly in the presence of water. 

The perylene pigment in which X= )N-CH2-CH2-0-CH2-CH3, for instance, affords a red shade, while X= )N-CH2-CH2-CH2-OCH3 produces a black shade. The difference in shade is attributed to a structurally controlled special arrangement of the pigment molecules within the crystal lattice. 

Fig. 5a-c. A typical distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a atmospheric fallout sample, Alexandria City - Egypt b bottom incineration ash leachate of municipal solid waste - USA c hydrothermal petroleum, Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific Ocean. PAH Compound identifications N = naphthalene, MN = methylnaphthalene, DMN = dimethylnaphthalenes, P = phenanthrene, MP = methylphenanthrene, Fl = fluoranthene, Py = pyrene, BaAN = benzol anthracene, DH-Py = dihydropyrene, 2,3-BF = 2,3-benzofluorene, BFL = benzo[fc,/c]fluoranthene, BeP = benzo[e]pyrene, BaP = benzo[a]pyrene, Per = perylene, Cx-228 = methyl-228 series, Indeno = indeno[ l,2,3-c,d]pyrene, DBAN = dibenz[a,/z]anthracene, BPer = benzo[g,/z,z] perylene, AAN = anthanthrene, DBTH = dibenzothiophene, Cor = coronene, DBP = dibenzo [a,e]pyrene, DBPer = dibenzo [g,h,i] perylene... 

Pitts, J.N., Jr., Zielinska, B., Sweetman, J.A., Atkinson. R.. and Winer, A.M. Reactions of adsorbed pyrene and perylene with gaseous N2O5 under simulated atmospheric conditions. Atmos. Environ., 19(6) 911-915, 1985. 

It is clear that deuterium as a substituent has the electron-donating effect. In other words, it can decrease electron affinity of the whole molecule. Potentials of reversible one-electron reduction for naphthalene, anthracene, pyrene, perylene, and their perdeuteriated counterparts indicate that the counterparts exhibit slightly more negative potentials (Goodnow and Kaifer 1990, Morris and Smith 1991). For example, the measurable differences in the reduction potentials are equal to -13 mV for the pair of naphthalene-naphthalene-dj or -12 mV for the pair of anthracene-anthracene-djo. The possible experimental error does not exceed 2 mV (Morris and Smith 1991). In another example, in DMF with 0.1 M n-Bu4NPFg, the deuterated pyrenes were invariably found to be more difficult to reduce than pyrene itself. The largest difference observed, 12.4 mV, was between perdeuteriated pyrene and pyrene bearing no deuterium at all with standard deviations between 0.2 and 0.4 mV (Hammerich et al. 1996). 

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