2-n-Butoxyethanol

Butanediol, 28 2-Butanone, 29 2-Butanone peroxide, 29 n-Butoxyethanol, 29 Butoxyl, 29... 

This paper considers systems of lesser dimensionality than the previous study, namely, systems of two compounds, which (ignoring the vapor) can form only one or two phases. Specifically, excess enthalpies and phase compositions have been measured (at ambient pressure) by isoperibol calorimetry for n-butanol/water at 30.0 and 55.0 °C and for n-butoxyethanol/water at 55.0 and 65.0 °C. (Butanol, or C4E0, is C HgOH butoxyethanol, or C4E1, is C HgCX OH.) The miscibility... 

Figure 1. Temperature-composition phase diagrams of n-butanol (C4E0) and n-butoxyethanol (C4E1), respectively, with water, (redrawn from data in refs. 4 and 5.)...

The n-butanol (99.7 mole% stated purity) was from Malinckrodt, and n-butoxyethanol (99+ % stated purity) was from Aldrich. Each was analyzed by gas chromatography for impurities and by Karl Fischer titration for water, and used without further purification. The water was distilled. 

Figure 2 shows measured excess enthalpies for aqueous phases and two-phase mixtures of n-butoxyethanol/water at 55.0 °C. Data from four replicate additions of 2 cm3 of butoxyethanol to water are shown in Figure 2a Figure 2b shows data from the subsequent addition of an additional 2 cm3 of butoxyethanol to each of the solutions of Figure 2b. 

Figure 2. (a) Excess enthalphies of n-butoxyethanol/water at 55.0 °C from four replicate titrations, starting at neat water (b) continuations of the titrations of (a). 

C. Each Figure shows titration data for compositions inside of the miscibility gap (where the "curve" is linear), as well as enthalpies in a single-phase region. Data from the literature are also shown for comparison with the present results (13-161. Table I shows values of the compositions of the aqueous and amphiphilic phases for n-butanol/water at 30.0 and 55.0 °C and for n-butoxyethanol/water at... 

Isoperibolic calorimetry measurements on the n-butanol/water and n-butoxyethanol/water systems have demonstrated the accuracy and convenience of this technique for measuring consolute phase compositions in amphiphile/water systems. Additional advantages of calorimetry over conventional phase diagram methods are that (1) calorimetry yields other useful thermodynamic parameters, such as excess enthalpies (2) calorimetry can be used for dark and opaque samples and (3) calorimetry does not depend on the bulk separation of conjugate fluids. Together, the present study and studies in the literature encompass all of the classes of compounds of the amphiphile/CO ydrocarbon/water systems that are encountered in... 

An alternative, more empirical but more accurate method for predicting miscibility has been given by Godfrey [103], using so-called miscibility numbers (M-numbers). These are serial numbers of 31 classes of organic solvents, ordered empirically by means of their lipophilicity i.e. their affinity for oil-like substances), using simple test-tube miscibility experiments. All pairs of solvents whose Af-numbers differ by 15 units or less are miscible in all proportions at 25 °C a difference of >17 corresponds to immis-cibility, and an M-number difference of 16 units indicates borderline behaviour (limited mutual miscibility) [103]. The central class of solvents with Af-number equal to 16 e.g. 2-n-butoxyethanol) comprises universal solvents, which are miscible with less lipophilic as well as with more lipophilic solvents. 

BUTOXYETHANOL see BPJ850 n-BUTOXYETHANOL see BPJ850 2-BUTOXY-l-ETHANOL see BPJ850 2-BUTOXYETHANOL ACETATE see BPMOOO 2-BUTOXYETHANOL PHOSPHATE see BPK250 BUTOXYETHENE see VMZOOO 2-(2-BUTOXYETHOXY)ETHANOL see DJF200 2-(2-BUTOXYETHOXY)ETHANOL ACETATE see BQP500... 

Bartnik FG, Reddy AK, Klecak G, et al. 1987. Percutaneous absorption, metabolism, and hemolytic activity of n-butoxyethanol. J Fund Appl Toxicol 8(l) 59-70. 

Jonsson AK, Steen G. 1978. n-Butoxyacetic acid, a urinary metabolite from inhaled n-butoxyethanol (butylcellosolve). Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 42(5) 354-356. 

Butoxyethanol 2-Butoxy-1-ethanol 2-n-Butoxyethanol n-Butoxyetha-nol. See Butoxyelhanol... 

Butoxyethanol 2-Butoxy-1-ethanol 2-n-Butoxyethanol n-Butoxyethanol. See Butoxyethanol Butoxyethanol acetate CAS 112-07-2 EINECS/ELINCS 203-933-3 Synonyms Acetic acid, 2-butoxyethyl ester 1-Acetoxy-2-butoxyethane 2-Butoxyethanol acetate 2-Butoxyethyl acetate 2-Butoxyethyl ester acetic acid... 

Holterman, H.A.J. and Engberts, J.B.F.N., Heat capacities of activation for the neutral hydrolysis of two acyl-activated esters in water-rich 2-n-butoxyethanol-water mixtures. Analysis in terms of the pseudophase-separation model, /. Org. Chem., 1983, 48, 4025-4030. 

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