Mutualistic interactions

Plant bodyguards mutualistic interactions between plants and the third trophic level. In Functional Dynamics of Phytophagous Insects, ed. T. N. Ananthakrishan, pp. 207-248. New Dehli Oxford and IBH Publishing. 

Bronstein, J. L. (1994). Conditional outcomes in mutualistic interactions. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 9 214-217. 

Vance, R.R., A mutualistic interaction between a sessile marine clam and its epibionts, Ecology, 59, 679, 1978. 

Type 1 MTs, currently exclusive for oxygen atoms (OMTs), methylate hydroxyl moieties of phenylpropanoid-based compounds (Fig. 2.3). The phenylpropanoid scaffold is used as a building block for many other types of compounds in the plant. Modification of this basic unit by multiple condensation reactions yields chalcone, flavonoid, isoflavonoid, and pterocarpan skeletons, for example. Flavonoids are ubiquitous in higher plants, where they function as UV protectants,5 defense compounds,6 and stimulators of beneficial mutualistic interactions with microorganisms, insects, and other organisms.7 Isoflavonoid natural products are limited primarily to leguminous plants, where they function as pre-... 

Gorbushina, A. A., Beck, A. Schulte, A. (2005). Microcolonial rock inhabiting fungi and lichen photobionts evidence for mutualistic interactions. Mycological Research, 109 (in press). 

Seibert TF (1992) Mutualistic interactions of the aphid Lachnus allegheniensis (Homoptera Aphididae) and its tending ant Formica obscuripes (Hymenoptera Formicidae). Ann Entomol Soc Am 85 173-178... 

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