Munroe effect

Munroe, Charles Edward (1849—1938). Leader in the development of expls in the USA. Inventor of the first American smokeless powder, Indurite (qv), and discoverer of the Munroe Effect (See Detonation, Munroe-Neumann Effect (Or Shaped Charge Effect) in Vol 4, D442-R to D454-L). Professor of chemistry at the US Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md, 1874—1886 chemist at the Naval Torpedo Station and Naval War College, Newport, RJ, 1886—1892 professor of chemistry at George Washington University, 1892—1917 and chief expls chemist of the US Bureau of Mines, 1919—1933. Author and co-author of numerous publications on expls Refs 1) H,W. Wiley, 1EC 15, 648-9 (1923)... 

DETONATION, MUNROE-NEUMANN EFFECT (OR SHAPED CHARGE EFFECT) AND LINED-CAVITY EFFECT IN. (Called also Munroe Effect, Neumann Effect, Cavity Effect, ... 

After the Spanish War, other countries began to work on the idea of applying the Munroe effect to military use, but very little was published on the subject during that period (See Ref 17)... 

Munroe effect, shaped charge, or coned charge effect) 41) R.I. Eichelberger, Prediction of Shaped Charge Performance from the Release Wave Theory ,... 

Anon, "Military Explosives , TM 9-1910 (1955), 77-85 (Munroe effect) 43) PATR 2145(1955), p Rus 15 (Russian shaped charge projectiles of WWH) 44) L.S. Holloway, Flash Radiographs Showing the Collapse Process of Copper Shaped Charge Liners , BRL Rept No 941 (1955) 45) A.M. 

Shaped Charge (Brit Hollow Charge), also called Cavity Charge. An explosive charge with a shaped cavity to make possible the concentration of the explosive force in the desired direction. The localized explosive damage obtained by the shaped charge is known in US as Munroe Effect (Ref 23, pp 8-33 G4)... 

Munroe effect The focusing of the force produced by an explosion, resulting in an increased pressure wave. 

G. Birkhoff et al, JAppliedPhys 19, 563-82(1948) CA 42, 8475(1948) (Explosives with lined cavities — mathematical theory of lining with metal the "Munroe-effect cavity to increase armor pierving capability)... 

It has been recommended that torpedoes be loaded with charges hollowed in their forward ends. Advantage is taken of the Munroe effect in the routine blasting of oil wells, and, intentionally or not, by every explosives engineer who initiates an explosion by means of two or more electric blasting caps, fired simultaneously, at different positions within the same charge. 

The effect of shaped charges is known in the USA as the Munroe effect after Munroe, who described it in 1888. The terms cavity effect and lined cavity effect are also employed (- Shaped Charges). 

Hollow Charges Hohlladung charge creuse (-> also Munroe Effect)... 

Neumann, Egon (1884—1919). German bal-listician armament technologist. Especially known as a co-discoverer of the shaped charge or cavity effect, also known as the Munroe-Neumann Effect (See Munroe Effect Detonation, Munroe-Neumann Effect, or Shaped Charge... 

Fiovite 10. Charles Edward Munroe (1919-1938). Leader in the develop-meot of explosives i the United States. Invented mdnrite. a variety of smokeless powder, and discovered the Munroe effect. Professor of chemistry at the U. 8. Naval Academy. Annapolis. Maryland. 1874-1886 chemist at the Naval Toipedo Station and Naval War College. Newport, Rhode Island. 1886-1892 professor of chemistry at George Washington University. 1892-1917 and chief explosives chemist of the U. S. Bureau of Mines in Washington. 1919-1933. Author and co-author of many very valuable publications of (he Bureau of Mines. 

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