Multistage jet systems

Multistage jet systems operating with suction pressures less than approximately 25 torr will normally be designed with one interstage pressure at approximately 60 torr. This criterion permits water-cooled intercondensers to be used as early as possible and greatly reduces the steam required for efficient operation. 

Interstage pressures for multistage jet systems in which essentially all motive steam is condensed in intercondensers can be estimated using the correlation below ... 

Multistage Systems The majority of steam-jet systems being currently instaUed are multistage. Up to five stage systems are in commercial operation. 

The maximum compression ratio achievable by a jet usually is about 6 or 10 1. Practically, ratios are limited to lower values, and multistage jets are necessary in evaporation systems. While process and equipment design have much to do widi flie selection of the number of stages, the tabulation below is a rough guide to the absolute pressures that can be produced by two to four vacuum stages ... 

We report on a number of on-line chemical procedures which were developed for the study of short-lived fission products and products from heavy-ion interactions. These techniques combine gas-jet recoil-transport systems with I) multistage solvent extraction methods using high-speed centrifuges for rapid phase separation and II) thermochromatographic columns. The formation of volatile species between recoil atoms and reactive gases is another alternative. We have also coupled a gas-jet transport system to a mass separator equipped with a hollow cathode- or a high temperature ion source. Typical applications of these methods for studies of short-lived nuclides are described. 

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