Multiple Grooves

Water cooling is usually preferred over air cooling for power outputs above about 50 kW. Multiple grooves on the outside of the anode, in conjunction with a cyhndrical jacket, force the coohng water to flow over the surface of the anode, as illustrated in Fig. 5.19. 

Type B Annular grooves. Shown here with drain slot at bottom, these may be in either the shaft or the housing, or in both. The effectiveness is increased by keeping the running clearance small and by using multiple grooves. Used for oil or grease lubrication. 

The most commonly used belts are basic V belts, but often, multiple belts are used on a sheave (Figure 21-25). Multiple belts are necessary to transmit the torque. Other belt types that can be used are ribbed V belts and cogged V belts. Ribbed V belts have multiple ridges that fit in multiple grooves on the sheaves, similar to multiple individual belts for greater torque capability. Cogged V belts have notches on the inside of the belt that fit teeth on the sheaves, to eliminate... 

Keywords Photocatalytic activity. Titanium oxide single crystal. Multiple grooves. 

We performed similar experiments on as-received (100) surfaces, because this surface showed very little photocatalytic activity (Fig. 1). The mass ratio of linoleic acid, after multiple parallel grooves were introduced along the [001], [0-11], or [010] directions, are shown in Fig. 5. Most of these samples did not show an increase in photocatalytic activity. However, when multiple grooves were introduced along the [010] direction, we observed a slight increase in photocatalytic activity. 

The (001) Rutile Ti02 surface has a higher photocatalytic activity than the (100) surface. This activity is lost if the surface is treated by HF solution and heated to 400°C. The activity of the heat-treated (001) surface can be partially recovered if multiple grooves are introduced along the [110] direction. The introduction of [1-10] and [100] multi-grooves did not effectively recover the photocatalytic activity. 

Similarly, despite Thamm s advice, some designers choose to try and reduce the stresses at the joint ends by reducing the stiffness. This is best achieved by tapering, although single or multiple grooves or milled ends may be used as shown in Fig. 72. 

We chose to show the application of techniques employed to study supramolecular dynamics to host systems that have defined binding sites and, therefore, form host-guest complexes with defined stoichiometries. CDs were chosen because they represent a host with only one binding site, and therefore can be viewed as a model system for hosts with the lowest degree of complexity. DNA was chosen because it provides multiple binding sites for small molecules, i.e. intercalative and groove binding, while the DNA is structurally fairly well defined. 

---