Multiparameter exploration

The potential for multi-fluorochrome analysis has increased further with the availability of dyes excited by shorter wavelengths (such as Cascade blue) and longer wavelengths (such as Allophycocyamn and Texas red). With multiple laser flow cytometers, five cell-surface antigens (1) or more may be analyzed simultaneously. In principle, these methods are a natural extension of the methods outlined here, but require more sophisticated flow cytometers, and much more powerful computer facilities to explore the exponentially more complex data sets arising from such multiparameter analyses. 

The complexity of the data generated by multiparameter flow cytometric analysis means that the scatter and fluorescence measurements from individual cells are stored on the computer in the form of a list (list mode data). This means that the relationships between measurements on individual cells is preserved, and these relationships can be explored by effectively rerunning the analysis on the computer. 

On the other hand, significant developments in catalysis arise from the knowledge of reaction kinetics and engineering, which are crucial for designing industrial catalysts and processes [11], Of course, the actual HT and Combinatorial catalysis methods do not override traditional semi-industrial or Pilot Plant tests, but they are complementary and powerful techniques for exploring the multiparameter space under variable conditions and kinetic... 

Another method for synthesis of useful derivatives of L-acosamine and L-daunosamine from rhamnal 23 was based on addition of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate to 2,3-unsaturated pyranosides 73 [66,67]. Since the anomeric alkyl substituent in this reaction ends up as the carbamate ester, aUyl glycoside securing easy deprotection was chosen for elaborating this reaction into large laboratory scale technical process. Method development for acosam-inal derivative 74 involved multiparameter optimization of the isocyanate addition step by exploration of the reaction response surface. The final daunosaminyl glycosylation synthon 76 was obtained in overall 35% yield (Scheme 12) [68]. 

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