Morphology Surface and Bulk

No phase segregation occurs between PEDOT and PSS on a microscopic scale in thick dried films. The mixture is homogeneous even on the nanometer scale as determined by solid state i C-CP/MAS NMR.  

A variety of publications analyzed the surface roughness of PEDOTPSS films with scarming atomic force microscopy. Especially for electro-optical devices comprising thin organic layers the smoothness is of upmost importance. The surface roughness depends on the weight ratio of PEDOT to PSS and on the specific distribution of gel particle sizes. PEDOTPSS forms gel 

Different models exist to describe the morphology of PEDOT PSS films. A lamellae model was proposed by lonescu-Zanetti et al. With conductivity 

Surface roughness of various PEDOT PSS-types differing in their ratio of PEEXDT to PSS determined by atomic force microscopy. The layers were spin coated on ITO-coated glass (R = 1.8 nm) at a spin speed of 33 rps and baked at T = 200°C for 5 min on a hot plate. The root-mean-square surface roughness was calculated for an area of 1 pm square. 

Employing high angle annular dark field (HAADF) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), Lang et al. have evidenced the model of a 

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