1 monoxide sponge

When heated in dry oxygen, either in the form of thin foil or as sponge, it becomes superficially blackened in consequence of oxidation to the monoxide,. PtO. This compound, however, decomposes at higher temperatures. 

Platinous Oxide, Platinum Monoxide, PtO, is produced2 in the anhydrous condition in the form of superficial blackening when platinum, either in the form of sponge or of thin foil, is heated m dry oxygen at about 450° 0., the product containing as much as 43 per cent, of oxide. 

Let us take the example of iron oxide reduction in solid state by carbon monoxide, as it happens in the sponge iron making process. 

In 1891, Pullinger reported that passing a mixture of dichlorine and carbon monoxide over platinum sponge at 250 C produced a yellow solid, which was formulated (upon very... 

Carbonyl compounds are formed with platinous derivatives, as, for example, by passing carbon monoxide over platinous chloride at 250°. Under these conditions there is obtained a mixture of PtCl - 2 CO, and 2 PtClj 3 CO, which on further heating gives PtClj CO. Other platinous compounds yield similar derivatives. Carbonyl compounds may also be prepared by passing an equimolecular mixture of carbon monoxide and chlorine over platinum sponge or foil at 240°-250°. This reaction is sometimes used to detect the presence of small amounts of rhodium or certain base metals in platinum. ... 

The behavior of carbon monoxide-hydrogen mixtures in the presence of metals of the platinum group lias been made the subject of special study by a number of investigators. Orloff82 was the first to observe that under certain conditions in the presence of a nickel-palladium catalyst, a reaction took place which resulted in the formation of ethylene. This is in contradiction to the observations of Breteau,88 who stated that in the presence of palladium sponge, carbon monoxide and hydrogen react in the cold to form methane and that at 400° C. this transformation becomes fairly rapid. Recently it has seemed desirable that the experiments of Orloff... 

The furnace was fed from above with iron ore, limestone and charcoal. Air was blown into the lower parts of the furnace. Then carbon monoxide CO was formed, which reduced iron oxide to solid iron sponge in the middle of the furnace. In the lower part the iron absorbed carbon and melted as pig iron with 4% carbon. 

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