Monoterpene global emission

Table 6.24, for example, shows one estimate of the annual global emissions of isoprene, other monoterpenes, and VOCs as well as methane (Guenther, 1999). Emissions of isoprene are believed to be about four times those of the other monoterpenes and about equal to all other VOCs. 

The annual global emission for isoprene and monoterpenes ranges from 250 to 450 and 128 to 450 Tg per year, respectively (Steinbrecher 1997, Moller 2003, and citations therein). By using HCHO column observations from the Global Ozone... 

Loreto F., R.J. Fischbach, J.-P. Schnitzler, P. Ciccioli, E. Brancaleoni, C. Calfapietra and G. Seufert Monoterpene emission and monoterpene synthase activities in the Mediterranean evergreen oak Quercus ilexL. grown at elevated CO2 concentrations. Global Change Biol. 1 (2001) 709-717. 

Armstrong, D. A., W. L. Waltz and A. Rauk (2006) Carbonate radical anion - thermochemistry. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 84, 1614-1619 Arneth, A., R. K. Monson, G. Schurges, (j. Niinemets and P. I. Palmer (2009) Why are estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions so similar (and why is this not so for monoterpenes) Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, 4605-4620 Arnts, R. R., W. B. Petersen, R. L. Seila and B. W. Gay Jr. (1982) Estimates of alpha-pinene emissions from a loblolly pine forest using an atmospheric diffusion model. Atmospheric Environment 16, 2127-2137... 

This basic picture of organic aerosol was relatively well developed by the end of the 1990s. Chemical transport models were fed by inventories for POA emissions from a wide array of sources, and those emissions were treated in a variety of microphysics modules as effectively non-volatile and often chemically inert particles [19, 20]. SOA models evolved from relatively primitive treatments that simply converted a fixed fraction of VOC emissions into equally non-volatile secondary material (for example 12% of monoterpene emissions) to more sophisticated two-product representations that treated the equilibrium partitioning of surrogate species based on smog-chamber experiments [21-23]. Even today some global-scale models represent SOA as a fixed non-volatile fraction of VOC emissions [24, 25]. 

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